Objective To investigate the characteristics of occupational diseases and occupational poisoning in a shipyard, and to find the feature of the related work types distribution, the main reasons and the prevalence trend. The measures and efficiency for prevention and control of the occupational diseases applied by the shipyard were also studied.
Methods By referring the occupational files and interviewing the occupational doctors in this shipyard, the data of the occupational diseases and the hazardous substance monitoring in working environment from Jan.1960 to Dec.2007 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.
Results From Jan.1960 to Dec.2007, there were 94 cases of pneumoconiosis, 3 cases of benzene poisoning, 2 cases of manganese poisoning, 200 cases of heat exhaustion and 2000 cases of electric ophthalmia occurred in this shipyard. The average age of the initial diagnosis of pneumoconiosis patients was 47.59& #177;8.91. Among them sixty percent of the patients were 40 to 50 years old. The average of the working age of pneumoconiosis patients was 23.78& #177;7.15. Among them seventy percent had their working age of 20 to 40 years. The major related work types for electric welding pneumoconiosis were electric welder; for asbestosis were asbestos material bandaging, tailoring and sewing; for silicosis were casting, molding, sand removal and painting; and for founder's pneumoconiosis were molding and sand removal. According to the related laws, this shipyard set up the supervision and management system, reformed the working process, relocated the new factory address, improved the prevention and protection measures, and perfected the system to enhance the prevention and control of occupational disease.
Conclusion The occurrence of occupational diseases and occupational poisoning in this shipyard showed a downward trend. Positive developing multiple departments to participate in health promotion is the effective way to become comprehensive realization of the prevention and control for occupational diseases.
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