Objective To explore the role of the interaction between Arg16Gly polymorphism of beta 2 adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) gene (ADRA2B) and shift work on essential hypertension (EH) occurrence.
Methods A total of 511 patients with EH and 456 controls were selected from underground coal workers in a coal mine. Questionnaires were used to collect information on age, working years, shift work, smoking, drinking, et al. Blood specimens were collected to separate lymphocytes and extract DNA, and Arg16Gly polymorphism was detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The database was built with Epidata3.0 and statistically analyzed by SPSS13.0. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the impact of gene-shift work interaction on EH.
Results Three genotypes (AA, AG, GG) were accounted for 27.59%, 48.73% and 23.68% in the EH group as well as 30.01%, 53.95% and 16.04% in the control group, respectively. The frequencies of A and G alleles were 51.96% and 48.04% in the EH group, and 57.02% and 42.98% in the control group. There were significant differences in distributions of both alleles and genotypes (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also found in the distribution of shift work between the EH groups and the controls (P < 0.05). After adjusted for age, working years, family history of hypertension, intake of salt, fruits, and vegetables, body mass index, and physical activities, the odds ratio (OR) of EH was 1.702 (95%CI: 1.130-2.565) for the participants with GG genotype versus those with AA genotype; the OR of EH was 1.307 (95%CI: 1.104-1.972) for the subjects with G allele versus those with A allele. Moreover, the shift-rotation workers also presented a higher risk of having EH than the workers without shift-rotation, with an OR of 1.388 (95%CI: 1.049-1.835). No association was found between the gene-shift work interactions and the EH prevalence.
Conclusion Arg16Gly polymorphism of ADRA2B might be a crucial risk factor of EH among coal workers. There is no evidence indicating the interaction between β2-AR gene polymorphism and shift work would contribute to EH.
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