Objective To analyze the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD) among neonates in Shanghai in 2011,to explore the risk factors associated with CHD,and to provide scientific basis for preventive measures.
Methods A case-control study of CHD was conducted,combining with medical history and questionnaire,to collect information on life style and environmental factors of their parents of 464 CHD cases and 1 585 healthy neonates in Shanghai in 2011.Risk factors were determined using single-factor and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results In 2011,most CHD in Shanghai were found to be atrial septal defect (29.98%),followed by patent ductus arteriosus (28.05%) and ventricular septal defect (11.03%).Multivariate logistic regression (χ2=116.53,P<0.000 1) showed that multiple pregnancy,father's age above 50 years,mothers without regular prenatal care,mothers' experiences negative life events during pregnancy,and tobacco exposure during pregnancy were the possible risk factors (OR=22.65,4.60,1.31,2.52,and 1.62,respectively).
Conclusion Choosing the best childbearing age,avoiding bad habits,maintaining mental health,strengthening health care,and taking regular prenatal care during pregnancy would help reduce the risk of CHD in neonates.
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