Objective To estimate the incidence of community acquired pneumonia in Shanghai and associated risk factors.
Methods A 1:1 matched community-based case-control study was conducted among patients with confirmed community acquired pneumonia and healthy individuals who were in the same community to determine the risk factors. Four communities in Shanghai were randomly selected to perform household survey and estimate incident of community acquired pneumonia each year.
Results Retired residents aged above 50 years accounted for the majority of community acquired pneumonia. The common symptoms were fever (body temperature ≥ 38℃), cough and expectoration. The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that smoking (OR=2.051), asthma (OR=6.152) and chronic diseases (OR=2.230) were risk factors of community acquired pneumonia. It was estimated that 26 997 incidents of community acquired pneumonia each year in Shanghai.
Conclusion The incidence of community acquired pneumonia is estimated at a higher level. Controls of smoking, asthma and chronic diseases are key to preventing community acquired pneumonia, which should be integrated into further disease surveillance and health education.
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