Objective To assess the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on mouse lymphoma cells (L5178Y TK+/-3.7.2c) micronucleus and on chromosome aberration and apoptosis of China hamster lung fibroblast cells (CHL).
Methods L5178Y TK+/-3.7.2c cells were treated with sterile water for injection (negative control), mitomycin (0.1 μg/mL) (positive control), and NaF (100, 75, and 50 μg/mL) to evaluate frequency of micronuclei, nuclei division index, nucleoplasmic bridges rate, nuclei buds rate, and nucleoplasmic bridges/micronuclei ratio. CHL cells were treated with blank (negative control), mitomycin (0.2 μg/mL) (positive control), and NaF (130, 216, 360, and 600 μg/mL) to evaluate selected mutagenic effects. AnnexinV/PI double staining method was applied for detecting cell apoptosis induced by NaF.
Results Compared with the negative control group:① For L5178Y TK+/-3.7.2c cells, the positive control group treated with 0.1 μg/mL mitomycin and the NaF groups treated with 75 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL had higher frequencies of micronuclei (P < 0.05), and the three NaF groups showed elevated nucleoplasmic bridge rates and nucleoplasmic bridge/micronuclei (P < 0.01); ② For CHL cells, the positive control group treated with 0.2 μg/mL mitomycin had statistical differences in chromosome aberration (P < 0.05); no significant difference of chromosome aberration was observed in the CHL cells exposed to various NaF concentrations (P > 0.05), and the early apoptosis rate rose with elevated concentrations of NaF (r=0.814, P < 0.05).
Conclusion NaF could damage L5178Y TK+/-3.7.2c cell chromosome. NaF shows no mutagenic effect on CHL cells, but could induce CHL cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.
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