Objective To examine the intervention effect of a fish oil product on acute lung injury induced by intratracheal instillation of fine particulate matter with median aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5).
Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, including solvent (corn oil) control group, fish oil (0.60g/kg) control group, PM2.5 exposure (8.0mg/kg) group, and PM2.5 plus fish oil groups at low, middle, high doses of fish oil (0.15, 0.30, 0.60 g/kg). The PM2.5 exposure group and the PM2.5 plus fish oil groups were administered with 8.0 mg/kg PM2.5 by intratracheal instillation for three times, once every other day, after 28 days of normal feeding or fish oil lavage. The fish oil control group was administered with fish oil by gavage for 35 d; the solvent control group was administered with corn oil by gavage for 28 d and saline by intratracheal instillation for 7 d. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, the rats were sacrificed and brochoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Lung biopsy samples were resected to measure interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Clara cell protein (CC16), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD).
Results Compared with the solvent group, IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were increased whereas CC16 and T-SOD were decreased in the PM2.5 exposure group (all P<0.05). Compared with the PM2.5 exposure group, IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were lower whereas CC16 and T-SOD were higher in various PM2.5 plus fish oil groups (all P<0.05). No differences in MDA were found among the experiment groups.
Conclusion PM2.5 intratracheal instillation could induce acute lung injury in rats such as inflammatory damage and oxidative stress changes. The selected fish oil product shows protective effects on the lung damage caused by PM2.5.
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