Objective To describe life expectancy growth for various time spans during 1990-2010 in Shanghai,examinethe impacts of changes in disease spectrum on life expectancy growth,and reveal priorities for disease intervention.
Methods Mortality data of Shanghai residents were retrieved from the death registration system.Demographic data were from Shanghai PublicSecurity Bureau.The abridged life tables and decomposition of life expectancy by age groups and causes of death were used toanalyze impacts of age and death cause on life expectancy.
Results During 1990-2010,life expectancy of Shanghai residentsincreased 6.91 and 6.94 years for male and female respectively,with a yearly increment of 0.35 years.The declining mortality inthe elderly population (aged 65 years and above) increased the life expectancy most and accounted for 52.97% and 51.44% of maleand female life expectancy increase respectively.The decreases in mortality rates due to respiratory diseases,circulatory diseases,and cancer were the main sources of the increase in life expectancy,which contributed 2.13 and 1.98,1.42 and 1.89,1.35 and 0.67years to life expectancy growth respectively for each category in male and female.
Conclusion Most deaths are caused bydiseases.In order to increase life expectancy,we should pay more attention to the elderly's health.Recent 20 years have witnessed asubstantial decline in the mortality of chronic diseases,but that is still a major cause of death in Shanghai.Therefore,to establish achronic disease prevention and control system and improve prevention and treatment effects are the effective way to further improvethe population health and increase the life expectancy.
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