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Volume 39 Issue 6
Jun.  2022
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WU Yuwan, LIU Yanpeng, XIANG Man, RONG Fen, ZHANG Xi. Association between dietary behaviors and overweight or obesity in preschool children[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(6): 672-678. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21593
Citation: WU Yuwan, LIU Yanpeng, XIANG Man, RONG Fen, ZHANG Xi. Association between dietary behaviors and overweight or obesity in preschool children[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(6): 672-678. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21593
shu

Association between dietary behaviors and overweight or obesity in preschool children

  • 1a.

    Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics
    1b. Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Clinical Research &

  • 1b.

    Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
    2. School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China

Funds: This study was funded.
More Information
  • Corresponding author:

    RONG Fen,Email:rf97328@163.com

    ZHANG Xi,Email:zhangxi@xinhuamed.com.cn

  • Received Date: December 12, 2021
  • Accepted Date: April 19, 2022
  • Published Date: June 24, 2022
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • [Background] Overweight/obesity in children are a global health issue. Preschool age is an important stage of children's growth and development and dietary behaviors, so it is crucial to explore dietary behavior characteristics and childhood overweight/obesity.

    [Objective] To explore the association between dietary behavior characteristics and overweight/obesity in preschool children in Shanghai, and the consistency of children's eating behavior characteristics with their parents'.

    [Methods] The children aged 3 to 6 years in 5 kindergartens in Shanghai in 2015 were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed. Their height and weight were measured. Children's and parents' dietary behavior characteristics were self-reported by their parents. According to the weight-for-height recommended by the World Health Organization, excess weight was calculated by the following formula: excess-weight%=[(measured weight - standard weight)/standard weight×100%]; obese is determined at excess-weight% > 20%, overweight: excess-weight% at 10%-20%, normal weight: excess-weight% at −10%-<10%. Chi-squared test and t test were used to compare the differences of demographic and dietary behavior characteristics between overweight/obese and normal weight children. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between dietary behaviors and overweight/obesity. The consistency of dietary behavior characteristics was tested between children and their parents.

    [Results] Among the 897 preschool children, 217 (24.2%) were overweight/obese and 680 (75.8%) were of normal weight. The birth weight [(3439±472) g vs. (3361±418) g] and proportion of monthly household income < 10000 yuan (17.1% vs. 10.7%) in the overweight/obese children were significantly higher than those in the normal weight children, and there were no statistical differences in sex, age, gestational age, time of adding complementary foods, outdoor activities after school every day, and parental BMI. After adjusting for potential confounders such as sex, age, household income, outdoor activities after school every day, and parental overweight/obesity, frequently having puffed food ( OR=2.46, 95%CI: 1.20-4.95), western-style fast food (OR=3.52, 95%CI: 1.41-8.79), and carbonated drinks (OR=2.92, 95%CI: 1.37-6.13), often eating a lot (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.09-2.08) and having a good appetite (OR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.87-3.62), having regular meals (OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.07-2.03), and fast eating (OR=3.37, 95%CI: 2.10-5.42) were positively associated with children's overweight/obesity (P<0.05). Children's partial/picky eating was inconsistent with fathers' behavior (P<0.05), while the other dietary behaviors were similar with both mothers' and fathers'.

    [Conclusion] Eating behavior characteristics of preschool children are associated with overweight/obesity, and affected by their parents. Early identifying dietary behavior problems and improving dietary habits of children might be an effective strategy in preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of obesity in childhood.

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