Abstract: Sharp injuries are common occupational injuries among medical staff, especially for those working in laboratories, and also a major way to spread blood-borne infectious diseases. In order to reduce sharp injuries and rates of hospital infection, this paper focused on the status, damage and risk factors of medical sharp injuries, as well as the causes and corresponding preventive measures and emergency plans. It suggests that medical personnel fully understand the causes of sharp injuries and vulnerable body parts through enforced training courses, improved management processes, strengthened supervision and preventive mechanisms, so as to eliminate potential risks, adopt effective protective measures and ensure their occupational safety.