娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋歧视及其对艾滋病防治服务依从性的影响

石国政; 殷方兰; 吴杰; 郭丽华; Robert S. Remis; 钟平

娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋歧视及其对艾滋病防治服务依从性的影响

AIDS-Related Discrimination and its Effects on Prevention Service Adherence among Female Entertainment Workers

摘要

摘要:
目的了解娱乐场所女性服务人员对艾滋病感染者的歧视状况及其对艾滋病防治服务依从性的影响。

方法随机抽取嘉定菊园新区126名娱乐场所女性服务人员为调查对象,采用项目统一设计的问卷进行社会人口学、行为学、艾滋病相关知识认知和艾滋歧视状况的调查,并采集静脉血、尿液进行艾滋病病毒(HIV)、单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(HSV-2)、梅毒、淋球菌和沙眼衣原体检测。

结果 126名被调查者中,来自较大型歌厅(KTV)者占31.75%、小发廊者占62.70%、小足浴店者占2.38%、小浴室者占3.17%。未发现HIV抗体阳性者;性病感染率为22.22%。艾滋歧视平均得分(4.19& #177;1.61)分,最低1分,最高7.5分。艾滋病知识知晓程度低,则艾滋歧视水平高(χ²=5.184,P=0.023)。曾经做过HIV抗体检测者仅占23.81%,由于不相信会感染或不知道去哪里检测是未检测的主要原因;在过去一个月中曾出现过性病相关症状者占61.90%,其中,去医院就诊者占70.51%;50.00%在过去一年中参加性病常规检查,平均(1.79& #177;0.99)次;最后一次发生商业性行为时安全套使用率为96.83%,与固定性伴的安全套使用率为45.74%;曾经自然流产者占11.11%,曾经人工流产者占65.87%,其人工流产次数为1~7次(中位数为1.00次);采取避孕措施者占97.62%,其中采用安全套避孕者占66.67%。艾滋歧视水平高,HIV抗体检测比例低(χ²=5.936,P=0.015),性病感染率高(χ²=4.829,P=0.028)。

结论娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋歧视普遍存在,艾滋病防治服务依从性不容乐观,歧视对艾滋病防治服务依从性有一定影响。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate AIDS-related discrimination among female entertainment workers (FEWs) and its effect on prevention service adherence.

Methods A total of 126 FEWs were randomly selected from Juyuan New Area as the study subjects, interviewed with an unified questionnaire for socio-demographic, behavioral, cognition and AIDS-related discrimination status, and tested for HIV, HSV-2, syphilis, gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis with blood and urine samples.

Results Among the 126 FEWs investigated, 31.75% came from large KTVs, 62.70% from small hair salons, 2.38% from small foot care stores, and 3.17% from small bathrooms. None was HIV-positive and 22.22% was infected with sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The mean score of AIDS-related discrimination was 4.19& #177;1.61. AIDS-related discrimination had a statistical relationship with the level of AIDS knowledge (χ²=5.184, P=0.023). Only 23.81% had HIV tests ever, and "don't know where to go to get a test" and "chance of having AIDS is low" were the main reasons for not to get a test. Those having STD-related symptoms in the past one month accounted for 61.90%, and 70.51% saw a doctor. Those who went for routine STD check-ups in the past one year taken 50.00%, and the mean of STD checkups were 1.79& #177;0.99. In their last sexual encounter, 96.83% used condoms when having sex with clients, but 45.74% did so when with regular sexual partners. The proportion of having a miscarriage ever was 11.11%, and 65.87% for an abortion ever. The times of miscarriage and abortion varied from 1 to 7, with the median of 1. Those using contraceptives accounted for 97.62%, among which 66.67% chose condoms. χ² test showed AIDS-related discrimination had a statistical relationship with HIV test (χ²=5.936, P=0.015) and sexually transmitted infection rate (χ²=4.829, P=0.028).

Conclusion AIDS-related discrimination is common among FEWs. HIV prevention service adherence is far from being satisfactory, and AIDS-related discrimination has an effect on some HIV prevention service adherence.

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