上海市轨道交通系统车站空气质量状况调查

Investigation on the Status of Air Quality in Shanghai Subway System Station

  • 摘要:
    目的 了解上海轨道交通系统车站空气质量现状及其影响因素,为制定相关空气质量的卫生学标准提供科学依据。

    方法 分别选取上海市轨道交通有代表性的6个车站,每个站台、站厅各取4个点进行监测。每天3个时段,连续监测3 d。在每个监测点监测温度、相对湿度、风速、噪声、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2)、甲醛、总挥发性有机物(VOC)、空气细菌总数、真菌总数、溶血性链球菌等空气卫生学指标。

    结果 站台平均风速(0.42& #177;0.24)m/s、CO2 浓度(0.058& #177;0.015)%,分别高于站厅风速(0.30& #177;0.13)m/s、CO2 浓度(0.055& #177;0.011)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上午监测时段的相对湿度、细菌总数、真菌总数均高于中午和下午,上午时段与下午时段的PM10 平均浓度高于中午时段,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甲醛及VOC 浓度上午时段最高,3 个时段依次降低。人均新风量与细菌总数、真菌总数、CO2、PM10 浓度呈负相关关系。

    结论 客流量、新风量和车站已使用年数对轨道交通空气质量有一定影响。微生物污染、CO2、PM10 含量是轨道交通系统需要重视的空气卫生学问题。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the status of air quality in Shanghai subway system station so as to provide scientific basis for the establishment of relevant hygiene standards.

    Methods Six representative metro stations were selected. Each subway station was monitored on 4 points at the platform and concourse respectively. The monitoring was conducted three times(morning, noon and evening)a day for 3 continuous days. The monitoring indices included air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, noise, respirable particulate matter(PM10), carbon monoxide(CO), carbon dioxide(CO2), formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds(VOC), the total colony forming units of bacteria and fungi.

    Results Average wind velocity(0.42& #177;0.24)m/s, the concentration of CO2 (0.058& #177;0.015)% at the platform was slightly higher than those at the concourse(0.30& #177;0.13)m/s,(0.055& #177;0.011)%, and significant difference was found between the two, P<0.05. The relative humidity, total number of bacteria and fungi in the morning were higher than those at noon and evening respectively, and significant difference was found between these three groups(P<0.05). The concentration of PM10 was significantly lower at noon than those in the morning and evening. The concentration of formaldehyde decreased gradually along with the time, as well as the concentration of VOC. There were negative correlation between the volume of air flow per capita and total number of colony forming units of bacteria, CO2, PM10 respectively.

    Conclusion The indoor air quality in the subway stations were impacted by fresh air supplement, passenger flow and the service life of the station. Microbial pollution, the concentration of CO2 and PM10 should be stressed as more important indices for assessing the air quality.

     

/

返回文章
返回