Abstract: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)are two representative substances of the family of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Owing to their stable chemical characteristics, both PFOS and PFOA have been extensively used in large variety of industrial and commercial realms. The two chemical substances are ubiquitous worldwide because of their weak-volatilized ability and the difficulty of being degradation by the biological system. Studies show that PFOS and PFOA can be found in many environmental mediums and biological organisms. This article reviews related study materials about contamination circumstances of PFOS and PFOA existing in environment and organisms, and provides some ideas for further researches.