Abstract: In China, there were about 30 million electric bicycles by 2007. The sharp increase of electric bicycles in use led to a rise of related traffic accidents and became an important public health problem. There were about 660 000 electric bicycles in Hangzhou city by 2007. The causes of rising electric bicycle usage were complicated. In 2010, the deaths of electric bicycle accidents accounted for 23.39% of all fatalities of traffic accidents in Hangzhou. The leading cause to death was brain injury. These electric bicycle accidents were caused by various factors. After correlation analysis, prevention measures were proposed in this article, such as enhancing traffic management, social publicity of traffic safety (i.e. community education), manufacturers' technology in safety control, as well as cyclists and pedestrians' self-protection. The article aims to provide reference for electric bicycle injury prevention and control.