癌症一级预防的环境与职业干预:一个跨部门的政策框架

1.
Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization(WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
2. Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC), Lyon, France
3. Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research(IMIM-Hospital del Marprbb), Barcelona, Spain
4. Networking Centre of Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health(CIBERESP), Spain
5. Universidad Autó
noma de Barcelona(UAB), Barcelona, Spain
6. Department of Public Health, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Miguel Herná
ndez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
7. Environmental Law Program, University of Maryland Carey School of Law, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
8. Cancer Council Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
9. Occupational Health Program, El Bosque University, Bogota, Colombia
10. Department of Sustainable Development and Environment, Pan-American Heal th Organi zat ion/WHO, Washington DC, USA
11. Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

1.
Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization(WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
2. Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC), Lyon, France
3. Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research(IMIM-Hospital del Marprbb), Barcelona, Spain
4. Networking Centre of Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health(CIBERESP), Spain
5. Universidad Autó
noma de Barcelona(UAB), Barcelona, Spain
6. Department of Public Health, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Miguel Herná
ndez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
7. Environmental Law Program, University of Maryland Carey School of Law, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
8. Cancer Council Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
9. Occupational Health Program, El Bosque University, Bogota, Colombia
10. Department of Sustainable Development and Environment, Pan-American Heal th Organi zat ion/WHO, Washington DC, USA
11. Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

摘要

摘要:
[背景] 每年,全球新发癌症近1300 万例,癌症死亡760 万例;63%的癌症死亡病例发生在中、低收入国家。有相当比例的癌症是由环境和工作场所中致癌物暴露所致。

[目的] 为环境和职业性癌症的一级预防制定基于循证的全球愿景和战略。

[方法] 通过在PubMed 中组合使用"环境的"、"职业的"、"暴露"、"癌症"、"一级预防"和"干预"这些搜索词,确定相关研究。为补充文献综述,于2011 年3 月17-18 日在西班牙阿斯图里斯亚召开了"癌症的环境与职业决定因素:一级预防干预"国际会议,该会议由世界卫生组织主办。

[讨论] 很多由环境和职业引起的癌症都是可以预防的。一级预防政策通过减少或消除非自愿暴露于确认或潜在致癌物质,可最有效地实现预防目的。根据现有的知识,这些策略直接且经济有效,还具有附带效益,即通过减少共同风险因素的暴露,协同降低其他非传染性疾病的风险。

[结论] 通过整合环境和职业性致癌物初级干预来重振全球癌症控制政策是可能的。
- 癌症 /
- 环境卫生 /
- 职业的 /
- 政策 /
- 一级预防 /
- 公共卫生