孕期双酚A暴露与不良妊娠结局的流行病学研究进展

Effects of exposure to bisphenol A during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes: A review of epidemiological studies

  • 摘要: 双酚A(BPA)是一种重要的环境内分泌干扰物,可通过饮食、饮水、皮肤等多种途径进入孕妇体内。BPA进入孕妇体内后可发挥类雌激素样和抗雄激素等多种生物学活性,并可能影响孕妇的妊娠结局。本综述总结了近年来关于孕期BPA暴露与孕妇不良妊娠结局的流行病学研究,发现当前的流行病学研究所得到的结论并不完全一致,部分研究结论提示孕期BPA暴露与不良妊娠结局存在相关性,主要表现为孕期BPA暴露可以增加胚胎植入失败、复发性流产、早产、低出生体重儿及发育异常等不良妊娠事件的发生率。因此,孕妇在妊娠期应减少和避免BPA暴露,并且在可能发生的高水平BPA暴露情况下积极进行产前筛查和产前诊断。未来应进行更多的流行病学研究来探究孕期BPA暴露和不良妊娠结局的相关性,并确定BPA暴露安全临界值和寻找BPA暴露最佳评估方法,以便为孕妇制定更好的防护措施。

     

    Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important environmental endocrine disruptor that can be absorbed by pregnant women through various pathways such as diet, drinking water, and skin contact. It can exert various biological activities such as estrogen-like and anti-androgen effects, which may affect pregnancy outcomes. The epidemiological studies related to BPA exposure during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes in recent years were reviewed in the paper, and inconsistent conclusions were identified. Some research conclusions suggested a correlation between BPA exposure during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including increased incidences of embryo implantation failure, recurrent spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight infants, and dysplasia. Therefore, pregnant women should avoid or reduce BPA exposure during pregnancy, and order prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis in the event of possible high-level BPA exposure. In order to develop better protective measures for pregnant women, the paper proposed conducting more epidemiological studies in the future to evaluate the correlation between BPA exposure during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes, to determine the safety threshold for BPA exposure, and to identify the best assessment method for BPA exposure.

     

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