Abstract: Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most important public health issues of the 21^st century. Previous studies have found that not only average temperature and extreme climate but also temperature variability pose negative impacts to human health. This article first introduced the concept and research status of temperature variability, then explored the drawbacks of previous studies, such as the diversity in definitions of indicators used to measure temperature variability, and insufficient research on the health consequences and disease burdens of temperature variability. Therefore, more research on health risk assessment or adaptation to temperature variability is necessary in order to provide theoretic evidence for formulating adaptation policy of climate change.