Abstract:
Background Mixed pesticides are commonly used to kill pests in agricultural production, and the prominent problem of pesticide residues in food seriously threatens human health. The mixture of emamectin benzoate, a natural macrolide insecticide, and beta-cypermethrin, a typical pyrethroid insecticide, is a commonly used mixed insecticide for greenhouse farmers.
Objective This experiment investigates the effects of mixture of beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate on biochemical indices of testis and sperm quality in male mice.
Methods Forty clean 10-week-old male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups, 10 in each group:normal control group (peanut oil), emamectin benzoate group (1/20 LD50=5.465mg·kg-1), beta-cypermethrin group (1/20 LD50=4.65 mg·kg-1), and mixed group (5.465 mg·kg-1 emamectin benzoate + 4.65 mg·kg-1 beta-cypermethrin). The animals were administered by gavage once a day at a dose of 0.1 mL per 10 g of body weight, 6 d per week, for 5 weeks, totaling 30 d of exposure. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and acid phosphatase (ACP) in testis tissues, as well as sperm count and sperm deformity rate were determined on the second day after the designed intragastric administration.
Results There were no significant differences in spirit, activity, diet, and physical appearance among the experimental groups. There were significant differences in GSH-PX, T-SOD, and LDH activities among the groups (P < 0.05), and the mixed group showed a higher GSH-PX activity(117.20±51.76) U·mg-1, in terms of protein, thereafter than the emamectin benzoate group(71.37±11.16) U·mg-1 (q=4.08, P < 0.05) and the beta-cypermethrin group(76.84±36.29) U·mg-1 (q=3.59, P < 0.05). There were also significant differences in sperm count and sperm deformity rate among the groups (P < 0.05), and the mixed group showed a higher sperm deformity rate(28.50±1.85)% than the emamectin benzoate group(20.20±4.21)% (q=6.91, P < 0.01) and the beta-cypermethrin group(23.75±2.99)% (q=3.96, P < 0.05). The results of factorial analysis showed that interaction of emamectin benzoate and beta-cypermethrin was significant on GSH-PX activity in testis of the mice (P < 0.05), and the main effects were significant on T-SOD activity, LDH activity, sperm deformity rate, and sperm count in testis of the mice exposed to beta-cypermethrin (P < 0.05).
Conclusion The sperm quality of mice can be reduced by both beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate. However, there is no interaction between beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate on sperm deformity rate and sperm count in mice.
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