N6-甲基腺苷相关蛋白及其对非编码RNA调控的研究进展
Research progression on N6-methyladenosine related proteins and their regulation to noncoding RNAs
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摘要:
N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是指发生在腺嘌呤第6位氮原子上的甲基化修饰，广泛存在于多种真核生物的RNA中。当前研究显示m6A相关蛋白主要包括催化m6A形成的甲基转移酶、移除m6A修饰的去甲基化酶和识别m6A修饰的甲基结合蛋白三类。近年研究发现微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA）等非编码RNA的生成和功能发挥受到m6A修饰的调控。本文基于近期的文献，总结了m6A相关蛋白的种类和功能的研究进展，并对m6A相关蛋白调控非编码RNA生成和功能发挥的机制进行归纳，以期为将来m6A相关蛋白及其对非编码RNA的影响研究提供参考。
Abstract: N6-methyladenosine (m6A), abundant in eukaryotic RNAs, refers to methylation of the adenosine base at the nitrogen-6 position. m6A has been recognized to be regulated by three categories of proteins, of which methyltransferases catalyze the formation of m6A modification, demethylases erase m6A markers from RNA, and methyl-binding proteins selectively recognize m6A modification. In recent years, increasing research has revealed that m6A plays an important role in production and functioning of non-coding RNAs such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA). According to the latest reports, this paper summarized the types and functions of m6A-related proteins, as well as the mechanisms of m6A regulatory proteins on the production and functioning of non-coding RNAs, aiming to provide reference for future research on m6A-related proteins and their effects on non-coding RNAs.
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