碲化镉量子点对雄性小鼠精子质量和睾丸组织的毒性效应

张凌燕; 王素华; 高艳荣; 侯瑞丽; 苗捷; 苗宇生; 刘冬

doi:10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17668

碲化镉量子点对雄性小鼠精子质量和睾丸组织的毒性效应

Toxic effects of CdTe quantum dots on sperm quality and testicular tissues in male mice

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨碲化镉量子点（CdTe quantum dots，CdTe QDs）对雄性小鼠精子质量和睾丸组织的影响。

方法将32只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为4组，分别为对照组（pH=7.4的磷酸盐缓冲溶液）和低剂量（0.3μmol/kg）、中剂量（0.9 μmol/kg）和高剂量（2.7 μmol/kg）（以体重计，余同）CdTe QDs染毒组，每组8只。采用腹腔注射法隔日染毒1次，染毒3周。检测小鼠体重、生殖器官脏器系数、精子数量和精子畸形率、睾丸组织病理学及睾丸组织中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性变化情况。

结果染毒后，各组小鼠体重差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。高剂量组小鼠睾丸脏器系数低于对照组（P < 0.05）。各组小鼠睾丸重量、附睾重量及脏器系数差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。各剂量组小鼠精子数量与对照组（3.35±0.76）×10⁷/g比较均减少（P < 0.05），高剂量组精子数量（1.08±0.34）×10⁷/g比中剂量组（1.73±0.61）×10⁷/g、低剂量组（2.37±0.91）×10⁷/g减少（P < 0.05）。中剂量组（13.09±3.09）%、高剂量组（18.29±2.25）%小鼠精子畸形率与对照组（4.16±0.53）%、低剂量组（5.07±0.83）%比较均升高（P < 0.008）；高剂量组与中剂量组比较，其精子畸形率升高（P < 0.008）。睾丸组织病理学观察结果显示，各剂量组染毒小鼠睾丸组织出现不同程度损伤。与对照组比较，各剂量组小鼠睾丸LDH和SOD活性无明显变化（P>0.05），SDH活性下降（P < 0.05）。

结论 CdTe QDs会导致雄性小鼠精子数量减少，精子畸形率升高，睾丸组织受损以及睾丸SDH活性下降。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) on sperm quality and testicular tissues in male mice.

Methods A total of 32 male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (phosphate buffer solution, pH=7.4), and low-dose (0.3 μmol/kg) (in terms of body weight, thereafter), medium-dose (0.9 μmol/kg), and high-dose (2.7 μmol/kg) groups exposed to CdTe QDs solution, with eight mice in each group. The mice were given intraperitoneal injection once every other day for three weeks. The changes of body weight, reproductive organ coefficients, sperm number, sperm abnormality rate, testicular pathology, and activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in testis samples were detected.

Results There was no difference in body weight among all groups after treatment (P>0.05). The testis organ coefficient of the high-dose group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). No obvious differences were found in testis weight, epididymal weight, and epididymal organ coefficient among the groups (P>0.05). The number of sperm decreased in each CdTe QDs dose group compared with the control group(3.35±0.76)×10⁷/g (P < 0.05), and was less in the high-dose group(1.08±0.34)×10⁷/g than in the medium-dose group(1.73±0.61)×10⁷/g and the low-dose group(2.37±0.91)×10⁷/g (P < 0.05). The sperm abnormality rates in the medium-dose group(13.09±3.09)% and the high-dose group(18.29±2.25)% were higher than those in the control group(4.16±0.53)% and the low-dose group(5.07±0.83)% (P < 0.008). Moreover, the sperm abnormality rate in the high-dose group increased compared with the medium-dose group (P < 0.008). The pathological examination results showed varied levels of testicular damage in different CdTe QDs dose groups. SDH activity decreased in the testis of mice treated with different CdTe QDs doses (P < 0.05); no obvious change was found in the activities of LDH and SOD (P>0.05).

Conclusion CdTe QDs may decrease sperm quantity, increase sperm abnormality rate, cause damage to testicular tissues, and reduce SDH activity in male mice.

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