我国大气臭氧污染现状及人群健康影响
Ozone pollution in China and its adverse health effects
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摘要:
近些年来，随着工业及交通业的发展，光化学烟雾污染越来越严重。其中，近地面臭氧浓度的增加引起人们广泛的关注。臭氧已成为很多地区的重要污染物，危害十分严重，尤其对于儿童、老人及一些基础疾病患者而言，暴露于臭氧污染环境中，可刺激人体呼吸道造成咽喉肿痛、支气管炎症和肺气肿；也会造成神经中毒，头晕头痛、视力下降、记忆减退；还能使皮肤中维生素E氧化，导致皮肤起皱，出现黑斑等。本文对影响臭氧浓度的因素、臭氧的健康效应及作用机制进行梳理分析，总结目前研究存在的不足，为后续研究提供新思路。
Abstract: In recent years, with the development of industry and transportation, the pollution of photochemical smog is getting worse. Especially, the increase of near ground ozone concentration has aroused widespread concerns. Ozone has become an important pollutant in many areas and has severe adverse health effects, especially for children, the elderly, and patients with underlying diseases. Exposure to ozone could result in sore throat, bronchial inflammation, and pulmonary emphysema via stimulating respiratory tract; induce neurotoxicity with symptoms such as headache, blurred vision, and memory impairment; and even oxidize vitamin E in skin, causing skin wrinkling and black macules. In this paper, the factors affecting environmental ozone concentrations, the health effects of ozone, and related mechanism of action were reviewed. The shortcomings of current research were summarized, aiming to provide new ideas for future studies.
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