表面肌电描记术在工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤研究中的应用

Application of surface electromyography to work-related musculoskeletal disorders research

摘要: 表面肌电描记术（surface electromyography，sEMG）作为一种无损伤的实时测量方法，能够客观地反映肌肉活动水平和功能状态。本文首先介绍sEMG分析方法，包括线性和非线性两种，其中线性分析主要包括时域分析、频域分析、频谱振幅联合分析和时频分析；其次，分析sEMG应用于工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤（work-related musculoskeletal disorders，WMSDs）中肌肉疲劳和肌肉负荷评价的现况，从而发现可能存在的不良工效学因素；最后，提出sEMG在WMSDs应用中存在的问题，并进行展望。

Abstract: As a non-invasive real-time measurement method, surface electromyography (sEMG) can objectively reflect the level of muscle activity and functional status. In this paper, a brief introduction of sEMG analysis methods was first present, including linear and non-linear analyses, and the linear analysis covered time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis, joint analysis of EMG spectrum and amplitude, and time-frequency analysis. Then, the application of sEMG to the assessment of WMSDs including muscle fatigue and muscle load was reviewed for identifying potential adverse ergonomic factors. Finally, problems existing in the application of sEMG to WMSDs were put forward and further research directions were prospected.