福建沿海市售海产贝类微囊藻毒素的污染状况

汪靖; 郑竟; 鄢灵君; 陈华

doi:10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.16379

福建沿海市售海产贝类微囊藻毒素的污染状况

Pollution Status of Microcystins in Retail Marine Shellfish in Coastal Cities of Fujian

摘要

摘要:
目的调查福建沿海市售海产贝类中微囊藻毒素MCs（MC-RR、MC-YR、MC-LR）的污染状况。
方法于2015 年夏季分别在福建省厦门、莆田、福州、宁德等四个沿海城市采集市售4 种海产贝类（花蛤、紫贻贝、螠蛏、牡蛎）共80 份，采用高效液相色谱- 二极管阵列法测定海产贝类中MC-RR、MC-YR、MC-LR含量，并对不同城市海产贝类污染状况进行比较。
结果检测的80 份海产贝类样品中，MCs 的总体检出率分别为50%、69%、44%，4 个地区MC-LR检出率差异有统计学意义（χ²=20.064，P<0.001）。4 个地区的海产贝类全部检出MC-YR，4 个地区的螠蛏、牡蛎中均检出三种MCs。宁德地区螠蛏平均总MCs 污染水平最高，为0.312 μg/g，莆田地区牡蛎平均总MCs 污染水平最高，为0.316 μg/g。
结论福建沿海城市市售4 种海产贝类存在不同程度的MCs 污染。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the pollution status of microcystins MCs (MC-RR, MC-YR, and MC-LR) in retail marine shellfish in coastal cities of Fujian.
Method A total of 80 retail marine shellfish (Venerupis philippinarum, Mytilus edulis, Sinonovacula constricta, and Ostrea gigas) were sampled from four coastal cities of Fujian Province (Xiamen, Putian, Fuzhou, and Ningde) in the summer of 2015. High-performance liquid phase chromatography with diode array was used to detect MC-RR, MC-YR, and MC-LR in marine shellfish. ANOVA or rank sum test was performed to compare the pollution status in different cities.
Result In the 80 samples of marine shellfish, the positive rates of three subtypes of microcystins (MC-RR, MC-YR and MC-LR) were 50%, 69%, and 44%, respectively. There were significant differences in the positive rate of MC-LR in the four cities (χ²=20.064, P<0.001). MC-YR was detected in all marine shellfish samples, and three subtypes of MCs were found in all Sinonovacula constrictas and Ostrea gigas samples. Additionally, the highest average levels of MCs pollution were observed in Sinonovacula constricta in Ningde (0.312 μg/g) and Ostrea gigas in Putian (0.316 μg/g), respectively.
Conclusion Varied levels of microcystins contamination are identified in four kinds of retail marine shellfish in Fujian coastal cities.

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