Abstract:
Objective To understand the pollution level of PM2.5 and characteristics of its major constituents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai.
Method PM2.5 samples (n=409) of five monitoring sites in Pudong New Area of Shanghai were collected between September 2014 and August 2015. The mass concentrations of PM2.5, 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and 21 heavy metals were measured.
Result The daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 was 80.98 μg/m3, and 44.3% samples exceeded relevant limits, with a maximum excess multiple of 3.5. The selected 15 PAHs were detected in all PM2.5 samples, and the average mass concentration of Σ15PAHs was (9.694±10.012)ng/m3; specifically, the highest PAH concentration was found for benzog, h, ipyrene (1.836 ng/m3), whereas the lowest was for anthracene (0.046 ng/m3). The average mass concentration of 21 heavy metals was 1 540.397 ng/m3, the highest concentration was found for iron (671.0 ng/m3), and the lowest was for beryllium (0.035 ng/m3). PM2.5 and its constituents showed significant seasonal variations (P<0.01), namely winter-spring higher than summer-autumn, but non-significant results between different monitoring sites (P >0.05).
Conclusion A high PM2.5 pollution level is identified in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. PM2.5, PAHs, and heavy metals show seasonal variations, but no spatial variation.
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