Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of highly fluorinated organic compounds that belong to environmental endocrine disruptors. People are ubiquitously exposed to PFAS, with diet being the primary source of exposure. Numerous studies detected PFAS contamination in various foods in China, followed by dietary exposure risk assessment of PFAS in the population. This article systematically reviewed previous domestic research to reflect the current research status, summarize the contamination of PFAS in various types of food in China and the dietary exposure level of PFAS in the population, and put forward prospects for future research. Previous research mainly focused on the contamination of three types of PFAS, namely perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA), perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA), and chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (Cl-PFESA), in aquatic products, meat, eggs, dairy products, and plant-based foods, as well as the corresponding population exposure risks. Among animal origin foods, aquatic products, eggs, and meat were more severely contaminated, while dairy products were at the lowest level of contamination. Many studies reported high levels of PFAS contamination in plant origin foods near fluorochemical industrial parks (FIP) . However, the PFAS contamination level of plant origin foods in non-FIP areas was much lower than that of animal origin foods. Many studies demonstrated higher dietary exposure to PFAS in residents in proximity to FIP than that in non-FIP areas, and children's exposure was several times greater than that of adults, indicating a higher susceptibility to PFAS exposure in these two populations. The included studies typically used hazard quotient (HQ) or hazard index (HI) to quantify the risk of dietary exposure in populations, but the risk assessment results were not comparable due to differences in the types of food evaluated and the health-based guidance value (HBGV) selected across different studies. According to the HBGV established by the European Food Safety Authority in 2018, there are health risks associated with PFAS dietary exposure among residents in some regions of China, especially those near FIP. For subsequent dietary exposure risk assessments of PFAS, previous research can be referenced to make informed choices about the foods and PFAS types to be included in the assessment. Furthermore, it is crucial to enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of these assessments to provide a scientific basis for managing PFAS exposure risks among the Chinese population.