Abstract: In recent years, the occupational health literacy level of key populations in China has continued to improve, and the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases has achieved remarkable results, but industrial dust is still a main occupational hazard endangering the health of workers. The welding fumes generated by welding operations are one of the industrial dusts, which seriously damage the cardiovascular system of welding workers, and bring many difficulties to the prevention and control of occupational diseases due to their complex composition and different particle sizes. In this paper, the mechanism of cardiovascular system injury caused by welding fumes and related early markers were reviewed, in order to discover early cardiovascular system injury of welders and provide theoretical support for the in-depth exploration of early biomarkers of cardiovascular system injury caused by welding fumes.