我国城市住宅室内空气中可挥发性有机化合物污染特征
Pollution characteristics of total volatile organic compounds in indoor air of urban residential buildings in China
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摘要:
可挥发性有机化合物（TVOCs）是室内环境空气的主要污染物，长期暴露在TVOCs浓度超标的环境下，会对人体产生急性和慢性的不良健康影响。为了解我国城市住宅室内空气TVOCs污染特征，通过检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、Web of Science和PubMed中2000—2021年公开发表的城市住宅室内TVOCs的相关文献，分析了我国城市住宅室内TVOCs的污染特征及主要来源。结果表明，我国城市住宅室内环境空气TVOCs浓度均值范围为0.18~1.45 mg·m−3，存在分布范围广，超标普遍的现象。且不同居室中，卧室、书房、厨房中TVOCs浓度相对偏高。装修装饰材料以及入住后的人为活动等室内源是城市住宅室内TVOCs的主要来源，且TVOCs浓度在装修完工后4~6个月下降幅度最大。但延长装修完工后入住时间并不是有效去除室内TVOCs的最佳方法，特别是针对超标严重的区域，需要通过减少污染源以降低室内TVOCs浓度。对于室内环境空气TVOCs的研究，还需在室内外TVOCs的浓度比值和对室内人类活动等污染来源解析方面进行更深入的研究。
Abstract: Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) are the main indoor pollutants. Long-term exposure to excessive TVOCs will cause acute and chronic adverse health effects. In order to understand current indoor TVOCs pollution in urban residential buildings in China, we searched related literature of indoor TVOCs in urban residential buildings published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, and PubMed from 2000 to 2021, and analyzed the pollution characteristics and main sources of indoor TVOCs in urban residential buildings in China. The results showed that the average TVOCs concentration range in urban residential buildings in China was 0.18-1.45 mg·m−3, which was widely distributed and exceeded the relevant national standard. The concentrations of TVOCs in bedrooms, study rooms, and kitchens were relatively high among different rooms. Indoor sources such as decoration materials and human activities after moving in were the main sources of TVOCs, and the concentration of TVOCs decreased the most in 4-6 months after the completion of decoration. However, extending the vacancy time after the completion of decoration is not the best method to effectively remove indoor TVOCs, especially for the areas where indoor air pollutants severely exceeding the national limit, it is necessary to control pollution sources to reduce indoor TVOCs concentration. For the study of indoor air TVOCs, future study directions could be the ratio of indoor and outdoor TVOCs concentration and the analysis of indoor human activities and other pollution sources.
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