2004-2008年我国110个城市大气污染物空间分布特征
Spatial Distributions of Major Air Pollutants in 110 Cities in China, 2004-2008
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摘要:
目的 研究2004-2008 年中国大陆110 个重点城市可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particles,PM10)、二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide,SO2)和二氧化氮(nitrogen dioxide,NO2)年均浓度空间演变规律。 方法 根据距离原则构造空间邻接矩阵,用全局自相关和局部自相关分析方法探讨大气污染物年均浓度分布的空间异质性。 结果 2004-2008 年我国大陆110 个城市PM10 和SO2 年均浓度呈显著空间正相关;NO2 年均浓度除2008 年呈随机分布外,其他年份呈显著空间正相关。PM10 年均浓度的热点集中在河南省中北部、山西省北部和甘肃省中部城市群;SO2 年均浓度的热点集中在山西省东北部和贵州省中部城市群;NO2 年均浓度的热点集中在京津、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲城市群。 结论 PM10、SO2和NO2 浓度的空间分布在我国大陆呈现聚集性。 Abstract:Objective To study the spatial features of annual mean concentrations of inhalable particles (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in 110 major cities in China between 2004 and 2008. Methods The spatial heterogeneities of annual mean concentration distributions of air pollutants were analyzed using the global and local spatial autocorrelation methods, which was based on spatial weight matrix. Results From 2004 to 2008, in the 110 major cities in China, there were significant positive spatial autocorrelations in annual mean concentrations of PM10 & SO2 and of NO2 except for a random distribution presented in 2008. The hot spots of annual mean concentrations of PM10 distributed over the central-north regions of Henan Province, north regions of Shanxi Province, and central regions of Gansu Province; SO2 over the north-east regions of Shanxi Province and the central regions of Guizhou Province; and NO2 over the urban agglomerations of the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin region, respectively. Conclusion PM10, SO2, and NO2 present area clustering in China.
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