上海市居民膳食中稀土元素暴露水平评估
Assessment of Shanghai Residents Exposure to Rare Earth Elements from Diet
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摘要:
目的 了解上海市市售食品中稀土元素的污染水平,以及人群膳食中稀土元素的摄入量。 方法 采取分层随机抽样的方法在批发市场、卖场超市、集贸市场等采集市售粮食、肉类、水产品、蔬菜、蛋类、茶叶等样品270 件,采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)法检测食品中的稀土元素,结合相应上海市居民膳食消费量数据,应用概率评估法对食品中稀土元素的暴露量进行评估。 结果 市售粮食、蔬菜、肉类、水产品、蛋类、茶叶等食品样品中稀土元素(以总量计,下同)检出率为60.0%~100.0%,平均值为30.0~1 050.0 μg/kg;概率评估法得出:人群从食品中摄入稀土元素的均值为108.73 μg/d、P95 为245.00 μg/d,分别占每日容许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)的1.93%和4.82%。 结论 上海市居民通过粮食、肉类、水产品、蔬菜、蛋类、茶叶等食品的稀土元素摄入量是安全的。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the level and health risks of rare earth elements in market-sold foods in Shanghai residents. Methods Food samples, including rice, meat, aquatic products, vegetables, eggs, tea, were collected in wholesale markets, supermarkets, and pedlars' markets by stratified random sampling method, and were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the determination of rare earth element level. Combined with food consumption data, probability assessment was applied to evaluate the exposure level of rare earth elements in residents. Results The positive rates of rare earth elements in food samples ranged from 60.0% to 100.0%, and the levels were 30.0-1 050.0 μg/kg. By probability assessment method, the mean and P95 dietary intake of rare earth elements were 108.73 μg/d and 245.00 μg/d, accounting for 1.93% and 4.82% of acceptable daily intake (ADI, 4 200 μg/d), respectively. Conclusion The intake of rare earth elements through various foods is within a safe level for Shanghai residents.
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