综合应用风险矩阵法与Borda序值法评价区域性大型活动公共卫生突发事件风险
Integrated Application of Risk Matrix and Borda Count Methods to Assessment of the Risks of Public Health Emergency Events during Regional Large-Scale Activities
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摘要:
目的 探讨区域性大型活动公共卫生突发事件风险评价方法,为科学制订公共卫生保障策略提供依据。 方法 以2010年江苏省第17届运动会为研究对象,应用风险矩阵法评价餐饮食品安全事件、公共场所健康危害事件、生活饮用水安全事件、传染病疫情事件和病媒生物引起的公共卫生突发事件5类20种公共卫生突发事件的风险水平;进一步采用Borda序值法对5类20种公共卫生突发事件的风险水平进行排序。 结果 确定了5类20种可能对第17届省运会产生较大影响的公共卫生突发事件的风险水平及其排序,其中餐饮食品安全事件列5类公共卫生突发事件的第1位。细菌性食物中毒列7种餐饮食品安全事件的第1位;游泳池水质污染引起的流行性出血性结膜炎列3种公共场所健康危害事件的第1位;城市集中式供水污染事件、二次供水污染事件并列3种生活饮用水安全事件的第1位;呼吸道传染病列4种传染病疫情事件的第1位;病媒生物叮咬引起皮肤瘙痒、影响正常休息,使人产生烦躁、厌恶情绪列3种病媒生物引起的公共卫生突发事件的第1位。 结论 综合应用风险矩阵法与Borda序值法是评价区域性大型活动公共卫生突发事件风险水平的有效方法,具有推广应用价值。 Abstract:Objective To discuss risk assessments of public health emergency events in regional large-scale activities in order to provide scientific basis for public health policy makings. Methods The 17th Jiangsu Provincial Sports Games was selected as the subject for the survey. The risk matrix method was employed to assess risk levels of 20 public health emergency events of 5 categories, including catering food, public places, drinking water, infectious diseases, and vector-borne diseases during the large-scale activity. Furthermore, the Borda count method was used to sort risk levels. Results The risk levels of 20 public health emergency events and 5 categories were identified and sorted. Catering food ranked first among 5 categories of public health emergency events. Bacterial food poisoning ranked first among 7 events in the catering food category. Epidemical hemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by polluted natatorium water ranked first among 3 events in the public place category. Central municipal water supply pollution tied for the first place with secondary water supply pollution among 3 events in the drinking water category. Respiratory infectious diseases ranked first among 4 events in the infectious disease category. Skin pruritus, poor rest quality, and fidgeting and detesting caused by vector bites ranked first among 3 events in the vector-borne disease category. Conclusion The integrated application of risk matrix and Borda count is effective in evaluating the risk levels of public health emergency events that occurred during regional large-scale activities, and therefore is worthy of wide pomotion.
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