Abstract: Population-based breast cancer screening is an effective and widely accepted approach to secondary prevention of breast cancer.So far,three screening modalities have been commonly used in western countries,including mammography-based,mammography and ultrasonography-based,and mammography and clinical breast examination-based.This review systemically summarized literatures on the three screening modalities mentioned above and evaluated the effectiveness,appropriateness,and health economic perspectives of the three modalities in breast cancer screening.