苏瑾, 崔文广, 张世新, 陈敏, 陈洪友, 吴立明, 仲伟鉴. 上海市某区居室下水管道微生物污染状况调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(7): 385-389.
引用本文: 苏瑾, 崔文广, 张世新, 陈敏, 陈洪友, 吴立明, 仲伟鉴. 上海市某区居室下水管道微生物污染状况调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(7): 385-389.
SU Jin , CUI Wen-guang , ZHANG Shi-xin , CHEN Min , CHEN Hong-you , WU Li-ming , ZHONG Wei-jian . A Study on the Microbial Contamination of Household Drainpipe in One District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(7): 385-389.
Citation: SU Jin , CUI Wen-guang , ZHANG Shi-xin , CHEN Min , CHEN Hong-you , WU Li-ming , ZHONG Wei-jian . A Study on the Microbial Contamination of Household Drainpipe in One District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(7): 385-389.

上海市某区居室下水管道微生物污染状况调查

A Study on the Microbial Contamination of Household Drainpipe in One District of Shanghai

  • 摘要: 目的 了解住宅居室下水管道中微生物污染状况及其特点。

    方法 于2008 年9 月选取上海市120 家住户,调查其下水管道的水封状况及其是否存在堵塞现象,并检测菌落总数、霉菌(fungal genus)、酵母菌(saccharomycete)、大肠菌群(coliform)和金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aureus)等指标。分别采用秩和检验和χ2 检验对数据进行分析。

    结果 57.5%的住宅遇到过下水管道堵塞或者不畅的问题,85.3%的下水管道水封没有水。检测结果显示下水管道中细菌污染水平较高,各部位菌落总数中位数处于318 310~2 745 423 cfu/cm2,最大值达到了107 cfu/cm2。菌落总数、霉菌、酵母菌、大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄球菌的污染水平在各检测部位间均存在差异(P<0.01);且同一对象的管壁和管口间,部分检测指标也存在差异(P<0.05)。另外,嗜水气单胞菌(aeromonas hydrophila)、阴沟肠杆菌(enterobacter cloacae)、芽孢杆菌(genus bacillus)、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种(klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae)和铜绿假单胞菌(pseudomonas aeruginosa)是下水管道中检出率最高的5 种微生物。

    结论 居室下水管道存在卫生问题,且微生物污染水平较高;管壁较管口污染更重,污染最为严重的是厨房下水管管壁。污染微生物以条件致病菌为主,应加强卫生监测。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the microbial contamination of houshold drainpipe and summarize the characteristics.

    Methods A total of 120 households in Shanghai were selected in September 2008 to inspect the hydroseals and test the level of bacterial contamination, including total bacterial count, fungal genus, saccharomycete, coliform, and staphylococcus aureus. The sum rank test and χ2 test were used to analyze the data.

    Results It was found that 57.5% of the inspected homes had experienced the clogged drain pipes, while 85.3% even had no water in the hydroseals. The testing results showed a comparatively high level of bacterial contamination in household drainpipe. The medians of bacterial count of different locations of pipes were detected between 318 310 to 2 745 423 cfu/cm2, while the highest count reached 107 cfu/cm2. The bacterial levels of total bacterial count, fungal genus, saccharomycete, and staphylococcus aureus among different drain pipes were found of significant differences(P<0.01); meanwhile, the significant differences also existed in several testing items between outlets and pipelines of the same drain pipes(P<0.05). In addition, the study showed that aeromonas hydrophila, enterobacter cloacae, genus bacillus, klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were five microbes which were most frequently detected in household drainpipe.

    Conclusion Hygienic problems were found in household drainpipe which were severely contaminated by microbes; the walls of drain pipes had a higher level of microbial contamination than the outlets, and the drain pipes in kitchens were found worst contaminated. Since the household drainpipe were mainly contaminated by the opportunistic pathogens, it suggested that regular monitoring should be enhanced.

     

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