林振华. 上海市普陀区中小企业职业卫生现状调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(4): 241-244.
引用本文: 林振华. 上海市普陀区中小企业职业卫生现状调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(4): 241-244.
LIN Zhen-hua . Investigation of Occupational Health Status in Small and Medium Enterprises in Putuo District,Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(4): 241-244.
Citation: LIN Zhen-hua . Investigation of Occupational Health Status in Small and Medium Enterprises in Putuo District,Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(4): 241-244.

上海市普陀区中小企业职业卫生现状调查

Investigation of Occupational Health Status in Small and Medium Enterprises in Putuo District,Shanghai

  • 摘要: 目的 了解上海市普陀区中小企业的基本职业卫生现状, 探讨系统性的职业卫生监管模式的可行性, 为提高职业卫生监管水平提供依据。

    方法 采用对辖区内中小企业的普查、监督状况的抽样调查及查阅资料等方法,对 2006年 5月至 2008年 3月上海市普陀区 378家中小企业职业卫生状况进行调查。

    结果 该区职业卫生总体基础较好。具有中小型企业为主、职业危害多杂、单个企业危害轻等典型特征; 企业申报率 ≥ 94%; 职业健康监护率 ≥ 90%; 企业检测率 ≥ 65%; 但职业卫生预防宣教不足、农民工问题突出、少数机构存在就处罚而处罚的倾向。

    结论 普陀区现有职业卫生监管有一定成效, 但尚未达到法定要求, 企业申报率、检测率低于国家要求, 涉及职业卫生根本的预防工作仍开展不足。建议探索建立系统性的职业卫生体系, 通过采取重新定位目标、从监管向服务倾斜、引入社会力量弥补自身不足等一系列措施, 达到提高效率, 促进职业卫生工作的目的。

     

    Abstract: Objective To discuss the feasibility about the mode of taking charge of systematic occupation hygiene surveillance by analyzing the present condition of the basic status of occupation hygiene in small and medium enterprises in Putuo District, in order to improve the level of occupational health surveillance.

    Methods Investigation of the occupational health status in small and medium size enterprises in this district during the period of May 2006 through March 2008 was inplemented, and statistical analysis was performed.

    Results The main enterprises in Putuo District were small and medium ones, in which numerous occupational hazards existed, but as to an individual enterprise, the hazards were not very severe. The key indicators of surveillance showed an improved trend year after year. Enterprise reporting rate was more than 94%; occupational health surveillance rate more than 90%; and hazards detection rate in enterprises more than 65%. However, there was still a certain gap between the present status and the statutory demands, such as shortage of occupational health prevention education, ignorance of peasant worker's health, etc.

    Conclusion The occupational health surveillance done in Putuo District has some effects, but not reached the statutory requirements yet. The enterprise reporting rate and hazard detection rate are still lower than the national requirements, and the prevention education of occupational health is not fully expanded. Suggestions are recommended to explore the establishment of systematic occupational health system, by re-targeting from the "surveillance" to the "service", and introducing social forces to help the expertise personels, so that to achieve greater efficiency, and to promote our occupational health work.

     

/

返回文章
返回