冀芳, 丁晓文, 董华凰, 刘继文, 李珏. 职业性噪声性听力损失与代谢综合征的关联[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(12): 1194-1199. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20374
引用本文: 冀芳, 丁晓文, 董华凰, 刘继文, 李珏. 职业性噪声性听力损失与代谢综合征的关联[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(12): 1194-1199. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20374
JI Fang, DING Xiao-wen, DONG Hua-huang, LIU Ji-wen, LI Jue. Association between occupational noise-induced hearing loss and metabolic syndrome[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(12): 1194-1199. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20374
Citation: JI Fang, DING Xiao-wen, DONG Hua-huang, LIU Ji-wen, LI Jue. Association between occupational noise-induced hearing loss and metabolic syndrome[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(12): 1194-1199. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20374

职业性噪声性听力损失与代谢综合征的关联

Association between occupational noise-induced hearing loss and metabolic syndrome

  • 摘要: 背景

    职业性噪声性听力损失(ONHL)是一种复杂的疾病,影响着众多劳动者的健康,代谢综合征(MetS)也已成为导致全球疾病负担加重的主要因素,开展ONHL与MetS关联的研究意义重大。

    目的

    探讨ONHL与MetS的关系,为制定职业性噪声暴露人群的听力损失和MetS的干预措施和防治策略提供科学依据。

    方法

    采用整群抽样的方法,以某大型机械维修企业1 145名男性职业性噪声暴露人群为研究对象。按是否存在高频听力损失,将调查对象分为听力正常组(699人)和听力损失组(446人)。通过问卷调查收集调查对象的一般人口学特征、职业史、家族史、既往史、个人生活行为等资料,通过职业健康检查获得体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血压和空腹血糖(FPG)等数据。使用非条件多因素logistic回归方法分析ONHL与MetS患病之间的关联,计算各危险因素的OR及95% CI

    结果

    在1 145名职业性噪声接触工人中,听力损失检出率为38.95%,听力损失检出率随接噪工龄的增长而呈增加的趋势(P < 0.001)。对临床指标分析发现,听力损失组FPG水平高于听力正常组(P < 0.001)。听力损失组人群高TG血症、高血压、高血糖和MetS的检出率均高于听力正常组(P < 0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除其他混杂因素影响后,MetS是导致ONHL发生的独立危险因素(OR=1.48,95% CI:1.12~1.95,P=0.005),同时接噪工龄长、已婚、文化程度低也是ONHL的危险因素(P < 0.01)。

    结论

    ONHL与MetS的发生有关联,MetS可能是影响ONHL发生发展的独立危险因素,采取MetS预防干预措施可能是降低ONHL发病风险的有效手段。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONHL) is a complex disease that affects the health of numerous workers, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a major contributor to global disease burden. It is of great significance to study the relationship between ONHL and MetS.

    Objective

    This study investigates the association between ONHL and MetS, aiming to provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures and control strategies against ONHL and MetS in noise-exposed workers.

    Methods

    A total of 1 145 male workers in a large-scale mechanical maintenance enterprise were selected as study subjects by cluster sampling method, and were divided into a control group (n=699) and a case group (n=446) according to whether they were diagnosed with high frequency hearing loss. Data on general demographic characteristics, occupational history, family history, medical history, and life styles were collected through questionnaire survey, data on body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (FPG) were obtained through routine occupational health examination. The association between ONHL and MetS was assessed by non-conditional multiple logistic regression models, and the results were expressed as OR with 95% CI.

    Results

    Among the 1 145 workers exposed to noise, the positive rate of hearing loss was 38.95%, and increased with longer years of noise exposure (P < 0.001). The FPG level in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The positive rates of hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and MetS in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The multiple logistic regression analysis results showed that MetS was an independent risk factor for ONHL (OR=1.48, 95%CI:1.12-1.95, P=0.005) after adjusting for selected confounding factors; in addition, longer years of noise exposure, married, and lower educational level were also the risk factors for ONHL (P < 0.01).

    Conclusion

    ONHL is associated with MetS. MetS may be an independent risk factor for the development of ONHL. Preventive interventions for MetS may be effective in reducing a partial risk of ONHL.

     

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