成年藏族居民高血压、脂肪肝和高尿酸血症分布特征：基于拉萨某社区的调查
Distribution characteristics of hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperuricemia in adult Tibetan residents: A survey based on a community in Lhasa
-
摘要:
背景 高原气候可能影响当地居民高血压、脂肪肝和高尿酸血症的发生，而有关成年藏族居民的相关研究报道较少。
目的 了解西藏拉萨某社区成年藏族居民高血压、脂肪肝和高尿酸血症的检出情况及特征。
方法 以2017年5月10日—6月16日期间在该社区卫生服务中心体检的全部该社区成年藏族居民为研究样本，测量身高、体重和血压，做血常规、生化指标和腹部B超检查。采用
t 检验和χ 2检验对居民的体检资料进行统计学分析。结果 最终纳入本次调查者1 053名，平均年龄为（47.89±13.54）岁；男性390人占37.0%，女性663人占63.0%。检出高血压323人（占30.7%），脂肪肝344人（占32.7%），高尿酸血症115人（占10.9%）。其中男性高血压、脂肪肝和高尿酸血症的检出率均高于女性（37.9% vs 26.4%、39.7% vs 28.5%、16.4% vs 7.7%），差异均存在统计学意义（
χ 2=15.41、14.10和19.18，均P < 0.001）。高血压者的肥胖、血脂异常、血红蛋白增多和谷丙转氨酶升高的检出率均高于非高血压者（48.6% vs 23.8%、52.9% vs 33.6%、40.2% vs 27.8%、45.8% vs 33.7%），差异均存在统计学意义（χ 2=63.75、35.19、16.02和14.05，均P < 0.001）。脂肪肝者的肥胖、血脂异常、胆囊异常、红细胞增多、血红蛋白增多、血细胞比容增高和谷丙转氨酶升高的检出率均高于非脂肪肝者（59.3% vs 17.9%、53.8% vs 32.6%、36.9% vs 29.6%、24.1% vs 15.4%、44.5% vs 25.4%、54.9% vs 47.2%、53.8% vs 29.5%），差异均存在统计学意义（χ 2=184.10、43.55、5.67、11.91、39.03、5.48和58.41，均P < 0.05）。高尿酸血症者的肥胖、血脂异常、红细胞增多、血红蛋白增多和谷丙转氨酶升高的检出率均高于非高尿酸血症者（54.8% vs 28.6%、50.4% vs 38.2%、32.2% vs 16.5%、49.6% vs 29.4%、56.5% vs 35.1%），差异均有统计学意义（χ 2=32.65、6.45、16.83、19.22和20.12，均P < 0.05）。结论 基于该社区的调查显示，成年藏族居民高血压、脂肪肝和高尿酸血症存在较高的检出率。
Abstract:Background The high-altitude climate may affect the occurrences of hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperuricemia in local residents. However, there are few reports on the health of adult Tibetan residents.
Objective This investigation focuses on the detection and distribution characteristics of hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperuricemia among adult Tibetans in a community in Lhasa, Tibet.
Methods All adult Tibetan residents of a selected community who participated a physical examination at the community health center from May 10 to June 16, 2017 were study subjects. The physical examination included measurements of height, weight, and blood pressure, routine blood test, biochemical test, and abdominal ultrasound examination. Chi-square test and
t test were used to analyze the difference of the physical examination indicators.Results Finally, 1053 participants were included in this investigation, averaged (47.89±13.54) years, including 390 males (37.0%) and 663 females (63.0%). The results showed that 323 (30.7%) participants were diagnosed with hypertension, 344 (32.7%) with fatty liver, and 115 (10.9%) with hyperuricemia. Among them, the detection rates of hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperuricemia in males were higher than those in females (37.9% vs 26.4%, 39.7% vs 28.5%, and 16.4% vs 7.7%;
χ 2=15.41, 14.10, and 19.18, allP < 0.001). The prevalence rates of obesity, dyslipidemia, increased hemoglobin, and elevated alanine aminotransferase in the participants with hypertension were higher than those in the participants without hypertension (48.6% vs 23.8%, 52.9% vs 33.6%, 40.2% vs 27.8%, and 45.8% vs 33.7%;χ 2=63.75, 35.19, 16.02, and 14.05, allP < 0.001). The prevalence rates of obesity, dyslipidemia, gallbladder abnormality, erythrocytosis, increased hemoglobin, increased hematocrit, and elevated alanine aminotransferase in the participants with fatty liver were higher than those in the participants without fatty liver (59.3% vs 17.9%, 53.8% vs 32.6%, 36.9% vs 29.6%, 24.1% vs 15.4%, 44.5% vs 25.4%, 54.9% vs 47.2%, and 53.8% vs 29.5%;χ 2=184.10, 43.55, 5.67, 11.91, 39.03, 5.48, and 58.41, allP < 0.05). The prevalence rates of obesity, dyslipidemia, erythrocytosis, increased hemoglobin, and elevated alanine transaminase in the participants with hyperuricemia were higher than those in the participants without hyperuricemia (54.8% vs 28.6%, 50.4% vs 38.2%, 32.2% vs 16.5%, 49.6% vs 29.4%, and 56.5% vs 35.1%;χ 2=32.65, 6.45, 16.83, 19.22, and 20.12, allP < 0.05).Conclusion The findings show that the adult Tibetan residents in the selected community show high prevalence rates of hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperuricemia.
下载:
