气候变化对儿童过敏性疾病的影响
Impact of climate change on childhood allergic diseases
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摘要:
气候变化已被广泛认为是21世纪全球健康的最大挑战与机遇，可直接或间接影响人群健康，尤其是敏感人群如儿童。近年来，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，儿童过敏性疾病患病率明显增加，越来越多的证据表明气候变化会影响儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和过敏性皮炎等过敏性疾病的发生发展。本文综述了国内外关于气候变化影响儿童过敏性疾病的研究，阐述了全球气候变化和变化模式，以及其对儿童过敏性疾病的影响和可能的机制。得出气候变化通过影响气象因素、空气污染以及空气过敏原等直接或间接影响儿童过敏性疾病的发生和发展。因此量体裁衣地制定和实施适宜的应对策略和措施尤为重要，可以进一步提高儿童健康水平，促进社会经济发展。
Abstract: Climate change has been widely recognized as the biggest challenge and opportunity for global health in the 21st century. It can directly or indirectly affect the health of people, especially vulnerable groups such as children. In recent years, the prevalence of childhood allergic diseases stays pretty high, and accruing evidence shows that climate change can affect the development of allergic diseases among children, such as childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. This paper reviewed the domestic and foreign literature on childhood allergic diseases associated with climate change, described global climate change and patterns of the change, its impact on childhood allergic diseases, and possible mechanisms. It was concluded that climate change affects the development of childhood allergic diseases directly or indirectly through affecting meteorological factors, air pollution, and air allergens. Therefore, it is especially important to develop and implement tailored strategies to cope with climate impacts, to further improve children's health and promote social and economic development.
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