冷朋波, 李晓海, 王群利, 毛国传, 王爱红. 低浓度苯暴露工人的职业健康风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(11): 985-989. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.18252
引用本文: 冷朋波, 李晓海, 王群利, 毛国传, 王爱红. 低浓度苯暴露工人的职业健康风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(11): 985-989. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.18252
LENG Peng-bo, LI Xiao-hai, WANG Qun-li, MAO Guo-chuan, WANG Ai-hong. Occupational health risk assessment for workers exposed to low concentration of benzene[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(11): 985-989. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.18252
Citation: LENG Peng-bo, LI Xiao-hai, WANG Qun-li, MAO Guo-chuan, WANG Ai-hong. Occupational health risk assessment for workers exposed to low concentration of benzene[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(11): 985-989. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.18252

低浓度苯暴露工人的职业健康风险评估

Occupational health risk assessment for workers exposed to low concentration of benzene

  • 摘要: 目的 评估低浓度苯职业暴露下工人的健康风险,为涉苯企业的职业健康管理提供依据。

    方法 在宁波市1 133家涉低浓度苯的制造企业中随机抽取3家中小型企业,分别于2016年和2017年的3-9月调查其使用的原辅材料、涉苯岗位分布、暴露方式和暴露时间、防护措施和职业卫生管理情况,并检测苯暴露浓度;采用美国环保署吸入风险模型评估低浓度苯暴露岗位工人的致癌风险和非致癌风险。

    结果 3家企业涉苯作业地点均设置有防护设施,涉苯岗位工人均没有正确佩戴个体防护用品,职业卫生管理制度未完全执行。3家企业涉苯岗位工人短时间接触浓度最高为6.79 mg/m3,8 h时间加权平均接触浓度为0.34~1.40 mg/m3,均符合我国苯的职业接触限值要求。致癌风险值为(0.023~1.800)×10-4,部分超过致癌风险限值(1×10-4);非致癌风险值为2.83~10.65,均超过非致癌风险限值(1)。

    结论 长期低浓度苯职业暴露下工人仍存在健康风险。

     

    Abstract: Objective To assess the health risks of workers exposed to low concentration of benzene, and to provide a basis for occupational health management of benzene enterprises.

    Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select three enterprises from 1 133 manufacturing enterprises registered with low-concentration benzene exposure in Ningbo. From March to September in 2016 and 2017, the usage of raw and auxiliary materials, distribution of benzene-exposed workstations, exposure mode, exposure time, protective measures, occupational health management, and benzene concentrations were investigated and detected. EPA inhalation risk models were used to assess the carcinogenic risks and non-carcinogenic hazard quotients (HQs) of the workers exposed to low concentration of benzene.

    Results Protective facilities were installed in the benzene-involved workstations of the three enterprises, workers in the benzene-involved workstations did not properly wear personal respiratory protective equipment, and occupational health management system was not thoroughly implemented. The highest short-term concentration of benzene in the three enterprises was 6.79 mg/m3, and the 8h time weighted average concentration was 0.34-1.40mg/m3, which were within the occupational exposure limits of benzene in China. The risks were (0.023-1.800)×10-4, which partly exceeded the limit of 1×10-4; the HQs were from 2.83 to 10.65, which exceeded the limit of 1.

    Conclusion Workers' long-term exposure to low concentration of benzene poses a health risk.

     

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