杨凤, 郭薇薇, 李传奇, 沈朝烨, 谢强鸣, 胡训军, 刘美霞, 尹艳, 汪国权, 贾晓东. 二甲基乙酰胺职业接触生物限值的研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(11): 947-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.17338
引用本文: 杨凤, 郭薇薇, 李传奇, 沈朝烨, 谢强鸣, 胡训军, 刘美霞, 尹艳, 汪国权, 贾晓东. 二甲基乙酰胺职业接触生物限值的研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(11): 947-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.17338
YANG Feng, GUO Wei-wei, LI Chuan-qi, SHEN Chao-ye, XIE Qiang-ming, HU Xun-jun, LIU Mei-xia, YIN Yan, WANG Guo-quan, JIA Xiao-dong. Establishing occupational biological exposure limits of dimethylacetamide[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(11): 947-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.17338
Citation: YANG Feng, GUO Wei-wei, LI Chuan-qi, SHEN Chao-ye, XIE Qiang-ming, HU Xun-jun, LIU Mei-xia, YIN Yan, WANG Guo-quan, JIA Xiao-dong. Establishing occupational biological exposure limits of dimethylacetamide[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(11): 947-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.17338

二甲基乙酰胺职业接触生物限值的研究

Establishing occupational biological exposure limits of dimethylacetamide

  • 摘要: 目的 研究作业场所二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)浓度与职业人群生物监测指标水平的关系,进一步探讨DMAC的职业接触生物限值。

    方法 对生产4,4'-二氨基二苯醚的某企业进行劳动卫生学调查,连续采集32名DMAC接触工人工作周第1天、第2天及第5天的班前和班末尿样,采用气相色谱法测定尿中甲基乙酰胺(NMAC)水平;同时应用个体采样器收集工作日的作业场所空气中DMAC,并进行浓度测定。通过多元回归分析班末尿中NMAC水平与个体接触量、工龄、年龄的相关性;同时收集职业健康监护资料,分析DMAC接触浓度与健康效应的关系。

    结果 车间内空气中DMAC 8 h时间加权平均浓度(8 h-TWA)为(121.32±164.31)mg/m3(1.30~818.20 mg/m3),其中26份样品DMAC浓度超出国家职业卫生标准(20 mg/m3),超标率81.25%。不同工作日的班前及班末尿中NMAC水平并无明显差异(均P > 0.05)。多元回归结果显示,DMAC接触工人班末尿中NMAC水平与空气中DMAC个体暴露浓度呈正相关,lgρNMAC(mg/g)=0.303+0.677lgωDMAC(mg/m3)(R2=0.725,F=63.18,P < 0.001)。

    结论 研究发现尿中NAMC并无蓄积现象,工作班末尿NMAC水平与空气中DMAC浓度呈良好对数线性关系,工作周内的任一次班末尿NMAC测定均可用于DMAC职业接触评估。根据回归方程及我国DMAC职业接触限值,推导出DMAC的职业接触生物限值为工作班末尿中NMAC水平为15.27 mg/g。

     

    Abstract: Objective To assess the relationship between workplace concentration and biological monitoring level of dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and to establish its occupational biological exposure limits.

    Methods Urine samples of 32 workers exposed to DMAC from a 4, 4'-diaminodiphenyl ether plant before and after work shifts on day 1, 2, and 5 were collected to detect urinary N-methylacetamide (NMAC) by gas chromatography. Air samples were collected with individual samplers during work shifts to detect DMAC concentration. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between urinary NMAC and air DMAC, working years, and age. Meanwhile, occupational health surveillance data were collected to analyze dose-effect relationship.

    Results The 8h time weighted average concentration of DMAC in workplace air was (121.32±164.31)mg/m3 (1.30-818.20mg/m3), and 26 air samples exceeded the national occupational limits of DMAC (20 mg/m3) with an unqualified rate of 81.25%. The preshift and post-shift urinary NMAC concentrations were not different among different workdays (Ps > 0.05). There was a positive relationship between post-shift urinary NMAC concentration and air DMAC concentration in workplace, with a regression equation of lgρNMAC (mg/g)=0.303+0.677lgωDMAC (mg/m3) (R2=0.725, F=63.18, P < 0.001).

    Conclusion There is no obvious accumulation of NAMC in urine of workers exposed to DMAC. Post-shift urinary NMAC concentrations are significantly correlated with DMAC concentrations in air, displaying a log-transformed linear relationship. Any urinary NMAC after work shift during work week could be used for DMAC occupational exposure assessment. According to the national standard for DMAC in workplace air and the derived regression equation, the occupational biological limit of urinary NMAC is recommended as 15.27 mg/g for workers exposed to DMAC after shift.

     

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