江苏省9所高校大学生伤害发生现况及影响因素
Prevalence and risk factors of injuries among undergraduates in nine colleges of Jiangsu Province
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摘要:
目的 了解江苏省大学生伤害流行特征及影响因素，为开展大学生伤害干预提供依据。
方法 采用整群随机抽样法，调查江苏省9所高校4 234名大一至大四的在校学生。使用自制结构性问卷调查其人口学特征、伤害发生现况和有关伤害的"知识-态度-行为"情况。采用χ2检验比较不同性别间的伤害发生特征，利用多元logistic回归分析大学生伤害发生的影响因素。
结果 4 234名大学生年伤害发生率及年伤害发生人次率分别为13.7%和17.6%。伤害发生时的活动状态以走路（24.0%）、体育运动（23.5%）及骑车（17.1%）为主，男生在骑车和体育运动时发生伤害的比例高于女生。男生、少数民族、伤害行为得分较低的大学生发生伤害的风险分别是女生、汉族和伤害行为得分较高者的1.6（95%CI：1.4~2.0）倍、1.9（95%CI：1.4~2.6）倍和1.8（95%CI：1.4~2.2）倍；母亲外出打工及双亲均外出工作的大学生发生伤害的风险分别是双亲均未外出者的2.0（95%CI：1.2~3.3）倍和1.5（95%CI：1.1~2.0）倍。
结论 大学生在骑车、步行和体育锻炼时的伤害发生率较高，应加以重点预防；不同性别、民族和家庭情况的大学生伤害发生率不同，制定措施时需加以考虑；应加强预防伤害的安全意识教育，减少大学生伤害相关行为的发生。
Abstract:Objective To understand the epidemiological features and relevant risk factors of injuries among undergraduates in Jiangsu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for injury intervention among undergraduates.
Methods A total of 4 234 undergraduates from nine colleges of Jiangsu Province were enrolled by cluster random sampling. A self-developed questionnaire was administered to investigate demographic characteristics, the prevalence of injuries, and injury related knowledge-attitude-practice. Chi-square test and logistic regression model were used to compare selected epidemiological features between different genders and analyze related risk factors, respectively.
Results The total incidence rate and annual person-time incidence rate of injuries in the 4 234 undergraduates were 13.7% and 17.6%, respectively. Injuries mainly occurred during walking (24.0%), exercising (23.5%), and biking (17.1), and male students reported more injuries during biking and exercising than female students. Male (versus female, OR=1.6, 95%CI:1.4-2.0), minorities (versus Han ethnic group, OR=1.9, 95%CI:1.4-2.6), and undergraduates with low injury-prone behavior scores (versus those with high injury-prone behavior scores, OR=1.8, 95%CI:1.4-2.2) were identified as risk factors of injuries. In addition, the individuals with mothers (OR=2.0, 95%CI:1.2-3.3) or parents (OR=1.5, 95%CI:1.1-2.0) working as migrant workers versus those with parents working in home areas were also risk factors.
Conclusion Prevention measures are needed to reduce the high incidence of injuries during biking, walking, and physical exercise in college students in Jiangsu. Genders, ethnic groups, and family background should also be taken into consideration. Besides, it is suggested to strengthen safety education against injuries to reduce injury related behaviors.
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