哈尔滨市新生儿脐血中多环芳烃水平及影响因素
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood of Newborns and Risk Factors in Harbin
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摘要:
目的 了解哈尔滨市新生儿多环芳烃（PAHs）负荷水平，探索其影响因素。
方法 于2013年4-9月在哈尔滨某医院随机选择孕妇-新生儿200对，收集孕妇和新生儿的基本信息，抽取孕妇分娩时新生儿脐带血，采用气相色谱-质谱联用检测新生儿脐带血中18种多环芳烃的含量，采用Spearman秩相关分析影响新生儿PAHs水平的暴露因素。
结果 新生儿脐带血中可检出18种PAHs，其中致癌PAHs检出7种。苯并
a 蒽和检出率分别为63%和74%，其余5种致癌PAHs检出率均在80%以上，7种致癌PAHs质量浓度之和市区（中位数，13.90 μg/L；P 25～P 75，4.87～20.12 μg/L）明显高于郊区（中位数，7.01 μg/L；P 25～P 75，2.39～14.00 μg/L）（P < 0.05）。Spearman秩相关分析表明，脐带血中4种非致癌性PAHs（萘、菲、蒽、荧蒽）和5种致癌性PAHs（、苯并a 蒽、苯并a 芘、二苯并a，h 蒽、茚并1，2，3-cd 芘）质量浓度的升高与孕妇居住在市区、居住地附近有主干道、孕期被动吸烟、摄入PAHs高的饮食结构有关（P < 0.05）。结论 哈尔滨市新生儿脐血中可检测出多种致癌PAHs，并且孕妇居住在市区、居住地附近有主干道、孕期被动吸烟、摄入PAHs高的饮食结构是新生儿PAHs暴露的危险因素。
Abstract:Objective To measure the body burdens of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in newborns in Harbin and discuss the risk factors of PAHs exposure.
Methods Two hundred paired mother-newborns were enrolled randomly from a hospital in Harbin and information was collected through questionnaires from April to September 2013. Eighteen kinds of PAHs in umbilical cord blood were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The risk factors of PAHs exposure in newborns were assessed by Spearman rank correlation analysis.
Results The eighteen PAHs were detected in umbilical cord blood samples of selected newborns, including seven carcinogenic PAHs. Except that the detection rates of benzo
a anthracene and chrysene were 63% and 74% in umbilical cord blood, those of other five carcinogenic PAHs were higher than 80%. The sum of concentrations of the seven carcinogenic PAHs in the newborns from urban area (median, 13.90 μg/L;P 25-P 75, 4.87-20.12 μg/L) was higher than in those from suburban area (median, 7.01 μg/L;P 25-P 75, 2.39-14.00 μg/L) (P < 0.05). According to Spearman rank correlation analysis, higher concentrations of four kinds of non-carcinogenic (naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene) and five kinds of carcinogenic PAHs (chrysene, benzoa anthracene, benzoa pyrene, dibenza, h anthracen, and indeno1, 2, 3-cd pyrene) in umbilical cord blood were associated with living in urban, living near a main road, passive smoking during pregnancy, and consumption of food with high-level PAHs (P < 0.05).Conclusion Carcinogenic PAHs are detected in the umbilical cord blood of newborns in Harbin. The risk factors for newborns' PAHs exposure are pregnant women living in urban, living near a main road, passive smoking during pregnancy, and consumption of food with high-level PAHs.
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