肖淑玉, 齐慧生, 张群, 李磊, 袁聚祥, 沈福海. 山西某煤矿集团不同工种尘肺患者发病特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(7): 661-664. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15614
引用本文: 肖淑玉, 齐慧生, 张群, 李磊, 袁聚祥, 沈福海. 山西某煤矿集团不同工种尘肺患者发病特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(7): 661-664. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15614
XIAO Shu-yu, QI Hui-sheng, ZHANG Qun, LI Lei, YUAN Ju-xiang, SHEN Fu-hai. Incidence Characteristics of Pneumoconiosis Patients of Different Occupational Categories in a Coal Mine Group in Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(7): 661-664. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15614
Citation: XIAO Shu-yu, QI Hui-sheng, ZHANG Qun, LI Lei, YUAN Ju-xiang, SHEN Fu-hai. Incidence Characteristics of Pneumoconiosis Patients of Different Occupational Categories in a Coal Mine Group in Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(7): 661-664. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15614

山西某煤矿集团不同工种尘肺患者发病特征

Incidence Characteristics of Pneumoconiosis Patients of Different Occupational Categories in a Coal Mine Group in Shanxi Province

  • 摘要: 目的

    通过了解山西某煤矿不同工种尘肺患者的发病特征,探讨不同岗位(作业环境)对工人健康的影响。

    方法

    收集山西某煤矿集团1970-2010年入矿的所有符合进入标准的1 847名尘肺患者的职业史资料和职业病诊断资料,建立数据库。按照其职业史资料,将研究对象划分为掘进、采煤、混合、辅助4类统计工种,分析不同工种尘肺患者的发病潜伏期、发病年龄、接尘工龄、结核合并率及定诊时的脱尘比例。

    结果

    在被调查的1 847名尘肺患者中,掘进、采煤、混合、辅助工人的发病潜伏期分别为(21.9±8.8)、(23.7±9.1)、(17.0±6.3)、(23.9±6.1)年,发病年龄分别为(46.0±8.4)、(48.2±8.3)、(42.3±7.2)、(44.0±6.2)岁,接尘工龄分别为(19.6±7.2)、(21.6±7.8)、(16.2±5.0)、(20.4±6.5)年,定诊时的脱尘比例分别为46.8%、57.8%、29.6%、60.7%;不同工种的发病潜伏期、发病年龄、接尘工龄、定诊时的脱尘比例不同,差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。其中混合工发病潜伏期最短,发病年龄最小,接尘工龄最短,定诊时的脱尘比例也最低。掘进、采煤、混合、辅助工人的结核合并率分别为1.8%、1.0%、3.7%、2.6%,差异无统计学意义。

    结论

    该煤矿企业中,混合工发病潜伏期最短,发病年龄最小,接尘工龄最短,定诊时的脱尘比例最小。

     

    Abstract: Objective

    To assess the effects of different occupational categories(working conditions) on workers' health through investigating the incidence characteristics of workers from a coal mine in Shanxi Province.

    Methods

    We collected data on occupational history and occupational disease diagnosis of 1 847 pneumoconiosis patients who were employed from 1970 to 2010 in a coal mine group in Shanxi to establish a database. According to the occupational history data, the subjects were divided as tunneling, mining, mixing, and ancillary workers to perform statistical analysis on latency, age of onset, years of exposure to dust, proportion of concurrent tuberculosis, and proportion of workers disengaged from dust exposure at diagnosis.

    Results

    A total of 1 847 cases of pneumoconiosis were investigated. For tunneling, mining, mixing, and ancillary workers, the average latent period was(21.9±8.8), (23.7±9.1), (17.0±6.3), and(23.9±6.1) years, respectively; the average age of onset was(46.0±8.4), (48.2±8.3), (42.3±7.2), and(44.0±6.2) years old, respectively; the average years of dust exposure was(19.6±7.2), (21.6±7.8), (16.2±5.0), and(20.4±6.5) years, respectively; the proportion of patients disengaged from dust exposure at diagnosis was 46.8%, 57.8%, 29.6%, and 60.7% respectively. There were differences in above indicators among workers with different job categories(all Ps < 0.05). The mixing workers presented the shortest latent period, youngest age of onset, least years of exposure to dust, and smallest proportion of patients disengaged from dust exposure at diagnosis. The proportions of patients with concurrent tuberculosis were 1.8%, 1.0%, 3.7%, and 2.6% for tunneling, mining, mixing, and ancillary workers, respectively, and there were no significant differences.

    Conclusion

    The shortest latent period, youngest diagnosis age, least years of exposure to dust, and smallest proportion of patients disengaged from dust exposure at diagnosis are all found in mixing workers.

     

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