樊伟, 王晶, 陈理. 2015年绍兴市售海产品中微量元素与有毒重金属污染状况[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(7): 675-679. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15556
引用本文: 樊伟, 王晶, 陈理. 2015年绍兴市售海产品中微量元素与有毒重金属污染状况[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2016, 33(7): 675-679. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15556
FAN Wei, WANG Jing, CHEN Li. Trace Elements and Toxic Heavy Metals Pollution in Retail Seafood Products in Shaoxing in 2015[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(7): 675-679. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15556
Citation: FAN Wei, WANG Jing, CHEN Li. Trace Elements and Toxic Heavy Metals Pollution in Retail Seafood Products in Shaoxing in 2015[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2016, 33(7): 675-679. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2016.15556

2015年绍兴市售海产品中微量元素与有毒重金属污染状况

Trace Elements and Toxic Heavy Metals Pollution in Retail Seafood Products in Shaoxing in 2015

  • 摘要: 目的

    了解绍兴市售海产品中常见必需微量元素和有毒重金属的污染水平,为建立海产品中元素污染物数据库提供依据。

    方法

    采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法抽样检测了市售海鱼、海水甲壳和海水软体三类共70份海产品中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、铝(Al)、锡(Sn)、锑(Sb)和16种稀土元素共27种元素的质量分数(以下简称“含量”),依据相关国家标准评价部分元素的超标情况。

    结果

    鱼类和甲壳类均以Zn的含量最高,中位值分别为4.84和19.3 mg/kg,软体类以Al含量最高,中位值为21.0 mg/kg;甲壳类和软体类均以Sn的含量最低,鱼类中Sb的含量最低,中位值均为0.001 5 mg/kg;除锡和铅外,鱼类中另外9种非稀土元素含量均明显低于甲壳类和软体类;甲壳类和软体类Cd的超标率分别为40.0%和5.0%。甲壳类和软体类中16种稀土元素均以铈(Ce)的含量最高,中位值分别为15.8和115.7 μg/kg;鱼类中稀土元素以镧(La)的含量最高,中位值为1.15 μg/kg。

    结论

    2015年绍兴市售海产品中有害元素的总体污染水平较低,但甲壳类中Cd污染较严重,需继续加强监测并采取适当控制措施。

     

    Abstract: Objective

    To understand the contamination level of common essential trace elements and toxic heavy metals in retail seafood products in Shaoxing.

    Methods

    A total of 70 seafood samples covering fish, shellfish, and mollusk were collected from markets, and the levels of lead(Pb), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg), arsenic(As), copper(Cu), zinc(Zn), nickel(Ni), chromium(Cr), aluminum(Al), stannum(Sn), stibium(Sb), and 16 rare earth elements were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry combined with microwave digest according to relevant national standards.

    Results

    The highest levels for fish and shellfish were Zn with medians of 4.84 and 19.3 mg/kg respectively, the highest level for mollusc was Al with a median of 21.0 mg/kg; the lowest levels for shellfish and mollusk were Sn with a same median of 0.001 5 mg/kg, and the lowest level for fish was Sb with a median of 0.001 5 mg/kg. The levels of the other 9 kinds of non-rare earth elements except for Sn and Pb in fish were significantly lower than those in shellfish and mollusk. The exceeding rates of Cd in shellfish and mollusk were 40.0% and 5.0% respectively. The highest levels of rare earth elements for shellfish and mollusk were cerium(Ce) with medians of 15.8 and 115.7μg/kg respectively, and the highest level for fish was lanthanum(La) with a median of 1.15 μg/kg.

    Conclusion

    The overall pollution level of hazardous elements in retail seafood products is low in Shaoxing in 2015; however, severe cadmium pollution in mollusk requires continuous strengthened surveillance and appropriate control measures.

     

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