吴一峰, 贺天锋, 陆蓓蓓, 李萍萍, 赵凤敏, 王爱红. 不同大气污染物对社区上呼吸道门诊就诊人次数的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(10): 909-913. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15126
引用本文: 吴一峰, 贺天锋, 陆蓓蓓, 李萍萍, 赵凤敏, 王爱红. 不同大气污染物对社区上呼吸道门诊就诊人次数的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(10): 909-913. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15126
WU Yi-feng , HE Tian-feng , LU Bei-bei , LI Ping-ping , ZHAO Feng-min , WANG Ai-hong . Effects of Various Air Pollutants on Upper Respiratory Diseases Outpatient Visits at Community Levels[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(10): 909-913. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15126
Citation: WU Yi-feng , HE Tian-feng , LU Bei-bei , LI Ping-ping , ZHAO Feng-min , WANG Ai-hong . Effects of Various Air Pollutants on Upper Respiratory Diseases Outpatient Visits at Community Levels[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(10): 909-913. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15126

不同大气污染物对社区上呼吸道门诊就诊人次数的影响

Effects of Various Air Pollutants on Upper Respiratory Diseases Outpatient Visits at Community Levels

  • 摘要: 目的 计算大气污染物浓度对社区上呼吸道疾病门诊就诊的相对危险度(RR), 以评价不同污染物的效应差异。

    方法 收集2011-2013 年门诊病人资料及同期空气监测结果, 采用分布滞后非线性模型(DLNM)计算空气污染物与上呼吸道疾病就诊量的RR 值, 并比较其滞后累积效应和剂量反应关系。

    结果 各污染物水平与门诊量均有正相关性, 且对上呼吸道疾病就诊量的影响随着浓度的增加而增加。SO2 和PM2.5 对上呼吸道门诊量的RR 值在低浓度时效应增加较快, 在高浓度时出现平台期或效应下降;NO2 对上呼吸道门诊量的RR 值在低浓度时相对较低, 当天平台期效应不明显。SO2 和NO2 的最长滞后天数较短;PM2.5 的累积效应更大, 滞后天数更长。

    结论 3 种污染物均可增加上呼吸道门诊量, SO2 和NO2 的效应可能以急性为主, PM2.5 的滞后效应更为明显。SO2 在低浓度时就可以造成一定危害, 而NO2 在高浓度时效应增加更明显。

     

    Abstract: Objective To calculate the relative risk of health center visiting due to upper respiratory diseases associated with air pollutants and evaluate the health effects of various pollutants.

    Methods Data of outpatients and air monitoring were collected in 2011-2013. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to calculate the relative risk of health center visiting volume due to upper respiratory diseases associated with various air pollutants, and compare the lag-specific and doseresponse relationships.

    Results Positive correlations were seen between selected air pollutants and outpatient number, and the outpatient number increased with higher concentrations. Steeper increases of the relative risk were found for sulfur dioxide (SO2) and fine particulate matters (PM2.5) at low concentrations, and plateaus or reductions were found at high concentrations. The relative risk for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was lower at low concentrations, but the plateau period was insignificant on the day polluted. The longest lag days of SO2 and NO2 were short. The overall cumulative effect of PM2.5 was greater than the other pollutants, which caused longer lag days.

    Conclusion All three pollutants associate positively with health center visiting due to upper respiratory disease. Effects of SO2 and NO2 may be mainly acute, while lag-specific effect of PM2.5 may be more obvious. Adverse health effects could be seen at low SO2 concentration or at high NO2 concentration.

     

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