汪源, 施燕, 吴春晓, 丁瑾瑜, 李敏, 陆文姬, 罗春燕, 王晓宇, 邹淑蓉. 上海市全民控盐干预效果评价——居民用盐量的变化[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 38-42,46. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14385
引用本文: 汪源, 施燕, 吴春晓, 丁瑾瑜, 李敏, 陆文姬, 罗春燕, 王晓宇, 邹淑蓉. 上海市全民控盐干预效果评价——居民用盐量的变化[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 38-42,46. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14385
WANG Yuan , SHI Yan , WU Chun-xiao , DING Jin-yu , LI Min , LU Wen-ji , LUO Chun-yan , WANG Xiao-yu , ZOU Shurong . Evaluation on a Mass Campaign for Salt Control in Shanghai: Change in Salt Consumption[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 38-42,46. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14385
Citation: WANG Yuan , SHI Yan , WU Chun-xiao , DING Jin-yu , LI Min , LU Wen-ji , LUO Chun-yan , WANG Xiao-yu , ZOU Shurong . Evaluation on a Mass Campaign for Salt Control in Shanghai: Change in Salt Consumption[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 38-42,46. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14385

上海市全民控盐干预效果评价——居民用盐量的变化

Evaluation on a Mass Campaign for Salt Control in Shanghai: Change in Salt Consumption

  • 摘要: 目的 评估上海市政府倡导的全民控盐干预项目对居民用盐量的影响。

    方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2008年抽取2 960户家庭,共6 886名15~69周岁的上海市常驻居民为研究对象,在发放计量盐勺前(基线)及发放后1、6及12个月(后称"1个月"、"6个月"、"12个月")时入户调查家庭盐勺使用情况、"三日"用盐量以及居民的一般情况和血压。先后4次随访时,家庭掌勺者均为同一人的家庭称为固定掌勺者家庭,共2 255户。

    结果 2 255户固定掌勺者家庭中,计量盐勺第1、6、12个月的一直使用率为62.79%(1 416/2 255)、46.47%(1 048/2 255)、41.15%(928/2 255)。家庭人均用盐量基线时为7.13 g,干预后1、6、12个月分别下降到6.67、6.04、6.38 g,各调查时点家庭人均用盐量的差异有统计学意义(F=43.03,P<0.000 1)。在1、6、12个月时,固定掌勺者家庭人均用盐量明显少于非固定掌勺者家庭(均P<0.05);非固定掌勺者家庭人均用盐量变化较大。计量盐勺持续使用与否的两组家庭12个月的平均用盐量下降值比较,差异均无统计学意义(全部家庭:F=0.16,P=0.690 8;固定掌勺者家庭:F=0.80,P=0.372 1)。

    结论 由政府倡导、用计量盐勺作为工具对上海居民进行全民控盐干预后一年来,达到了家庭人均用盐量下降的目的。

     

    Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a government-launched mass campaign for salt control on the salt consumption among Shanghai residents.

    Methods The project adopted a multi-stage cluster sampling method to recruit a representative sample including 2 960 households and 6 886 residents aged between 15 and 69 years. Data on usage of a special designed salt spoon and amount of table salt consumed in three days of the selected households, as well as general information and blood pressure of the residents, were collected before the delivery of salt measuring spoons (baseline) and repeated at the 1st, 6th, 12th months after the intervention launched. The family member responsible for cooking was identified as fixed cook, and there were 2 250 households with a fixed cook.

    Results Of the 2 255 households with a fixed cook, the percentage of consistently using the salt measuring spoons at the 1st, 6th, and 12th months was 62.79% (1 416/2 255), 46.47% (1 048/2 255), and 41.45% (928/2 255), respectively. The average daily amount of salt consumed at baseline was 7.13 g, decreased to 6.67 g and 6.04 g respectively at the 1st and 6th months after the intervention launched, and rebounded to 6.38 g at the 12th month; these changes were statistically significant (F=49.65, P<0.000 1). Households who had a fixed family member responsible for cooking consumed significantly less salt than those without at the 1st, 6th, and 12th month after the intervention (P<0.05). Remarkable fluctuations in the amount of salt consumed were noticed in households who did not have a fixed family member responsible for cooking. No difference was noticed in the average amount of salt consumed per person between the households with continuation or discontinuation of using the salt measuring spoon (all households:F=0.16, P=0.690 8; households with fixed cooks:F=0.80, P=0.372 1).

    Conclusion The government-led initiative on population-based salt control over one-year period in Shanghai has substantially lowered the amount of salt consumed per family member.

     

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