油田作业人员职业紧张因素、工作能力与紧张反应的关系
Association of Job Stressors and Working Ability with Stress Responses among Oil Workers
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摘要:
目的 研究新疆干旱沙漠油田作业人员工作中存在的职业紧张因素、工作能力及其与紧张反应的关系。 方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取油田作业人员共1 425名为研究对象,平均年龄(37.69& #177;7.68)岁。利用工作紧张因素、工作能力指数和职业紧张量表调查油田作业人员的职业紧张因素、工作能力和紧张反应水平;采用方差分析和卡方检验进行组间比较,用多元线性回归分析评价紧张反应的影响因素。 结果 输油工参与、合作的可能性及工作组织问题的得分均较高(P<0.05),炼化工合作的可能性得分高于采油工和其他工种(P<0.05),采油工的时间压力得分高于其他工种(P<0.05)。任务界限、责任、个体紧张反应、业务紧张反应、人际关系紧张、休闲和自我保健的得分,输油工均高于炼化工和其他工种(P<0.05)。不同工种油田作业人员的工作能力得分和分级均无显著差异(P>0.05)。职业紧张因素中的任务控制、工作组织问题、环境紧张因素、任务过重、责任和工作环境,以及应对资源中的休闲为紧张反应的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 任务控制等职业紧张因素对油田作业人员的紧张反应有影响。改善工作中存在的相关职业紧张因素,并增加娱乐活动等休闲内容,可减少油田作业人员的紧张反应。 Abstract:Objective To assess job stressors and working ability, as well as the associations with stress responses among oilfield workers working in arid desert environment in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 1 425 oilfield workers were selected by cluster random sampling, with a mean age of (37.69& #177;7.68) years. Job stressors, working ability, and stress responses were measured by corresponding standardized scales. The comparisons between groups were analyzed by analysis of variance and Chi-square test. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of stress response. Results The scores of participation, cooperation possibility, and work organization were highest among the oil transportation workers (P<0.05). The score of cooperation possibility of the refining-chemical workers was higher than that of the oil extraction workers and other types of oil workers (P<0.05). The score of time pressure of the drilling workers was higher than that of other types of oil workers (P<0.05). The oil transportation workers scored higher in task boundary, responsibility, personal strain, business strain, interpersonal relationship nervous, leisure, and self-care than the refining-chemical workers and other types of oil workers (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the scores and the grading of working ability among different types of oil workers (P>0.05). Mission control, work organization, environmental stress factors, role overload, responsibility, working environment, and leisure were the main influencing factors of stress responses in the selected population. Conclusion Job stressors such as mission control could in fluence stress response in the oil workers. Improving the condition of related job stress at work and increasing leisure time can le ssen stress response of the oil workers.
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