主要大气污染物对青浦区居民心脑血管疾病发病率的影响
Effects of Major Ambient Air Pollutants on Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases in Qingpu District
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摘要:
目的 探讨大气污染对居民心脑血管疾病发病率的影响,为心脑血管疾病的预防控制提供依据。 方法 收集2004-2012 年上海市青浦区心脑血管疾病发病率、大气污染物(SO2、NO2、PM10)浓度和气象数据(气温和湿度),用一般描述性指标和广义线性模型、时间序列分析等方法反映心脑血管病发病率及大气污染情况并进行相关性分析。 结果 PM10 和NO2 与心脑血管疾病发病率呈正相关,PM10 和NO2 每升高10 μg/m3,居民心脑血管疾病发病率分别上升0.88‰(0.19‰ ~1.57‰)和1.39‰(0.06‰ ~2.71‰),而SO2 与之无线性相关。湿度与心脑血管发病率呈正相关,P=0.000。 结论 青浦区大气污染与居民心脑血管疾病的发病风险有一定关联,应采取措施严格控制空气污染。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of the main atmospheric pollutants on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and provide basis for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCDs) control and prevention. Methods Data about CCDs incidence rate, main atmospheric pollutants concentrations, and meteorological data (temperature and humidity) were collected for descriptive analysis, time series analysis, and generalized linear model analysis to quantify the association of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with CCDs. Results The levels of PM10 and NO2 were positively correlated to the incidence rate of CCDs. A 10-μg/m3 increment of PM10 or NO2 concentration was significantly correlated to an elevation in the incidence rate of CCDs of 0.88‰ (0.19‰-1.57‰) or 1.39‰ (0.06‰-2.71‰), while the same pattern was not found in SO2. A positive correlation was found between CCDs and humidity (P=0.000). Conclusion These findings suggest that the current levels of air pollutants in Qingpu may affect residents' health and increase the risk of CCDs. Therefore, more stringent measures are required to control the air pollution and lower the air pollutant level.
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