罗佳, 赵亮亮, 张锋, 仲立新, 王建锋, 张恒东. 职业性铅接触对作业工人肝脏及血液指标的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(4): 298-300. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0069
引用本文: 罗佳, 赵亮亮, 张锋, 仲立新, 王建锋, 张恒东. 职业性铅接触对作业工人肝脏及血液指标的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(4): 298-300. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0069
LUO Jia , ZHAO Liang-liang , ZHANG Feng , ZHONG Li-xin , WANG Jian-feng , ZHANG Heng-dong . Effects of Occupational Exposure to Lead on Liver and Haematological Parameters[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(4): 298-300. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0069
Citation: LUO Jia , ZHAO Liang-liang , ZHANG Feng , ZHONG Li-xin , WANG Jian-feng , ZHANG Heng-dong . Effects of Occupational Exposure to Lead on Liver and Haematological Parameters[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(4): 298-300. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0069

职业性铅接触对作业工人肝脏及血液指标的影响

Effects of Occupational Exposure to Lead on Liver and Haematological Parameters

  • 摘要: 目的 研究职业性铅接触对作业工人肝脏及血液指标的影响。

    方法 以某蓄电池厂261名铅作业工人作为接触组,根据血铅浓度,先将其分为高血铅组和低血铅组,再按四分位法进行分组。以133名非接触铅工人及行政人员作为对照组,检测接触组和对照组人群的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平,以及锌原卟啉(ZPP)、血红蛋白(HB)、红细胞(RBC)、血细胞比容(HCT)值。分析不同血铅水平的职业性铅接触人群和非接触人群肝功能、锌原卟啉及血细胞参数指标的变化。

    结果 接触组与对照组的ALT、GGT 异常率及ZPP、HB、RBC差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组中,高、低血铅组之间的ZPP、HB、HCT 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除HCT(仅高血铅组)外,高、低血铅组与对照组的ALT、GGT 异常率及ZPP、HB、RBC差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据接触组工人的血铅浓度按四分位法分组,ZPP、ALT、GGT 经趋势分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HB、RBC、HCT 经方差分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

    结论 职业性铅接触可引起人体血铅浓度明显升高,长期铅接触对接触人群健康会有一定的影响,需采取有效措施控制职业性铅危害。

     

    Abstract: Objective To estimate the effects of lead exposure on liver and haematological health of workers by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in sera, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), hemoglobin (HB), red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) in occupational lead exposure and non-lead exposure male workers.

    Methods Totally 261 workers exposed to lead were selected from a battery manufacturing plant and divided into a high and a low exposure groups by blood lead level at 400 μg/L and further grouped by quartile division. Another 133 non-lead exposure workers and administrative staff were chosen as a control group. Statistical analyses were applied to analyze liver function, zinc protoporphyrin, and blood cell parameters of workers with or without occupational lead exposure.

    Results The abnormal rates of ALT and GGT and the values of ZPP, HB, RBC were significantly different between the lead exposure workers and the control (P<0.05). The measurements of ZPP, HB, and HCT were significantly different between the workers of the high and low exposure groups (P<0.05). Except HCT which was different between the high exposure group and the control group, the abnormal rates of ALT and GGT, as well as ZPP, HB, RBC, HCT, in the high and low exposure groups were remarkably different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The results of trend analysis showed that ZPP, ALT, and GGT were statistically different among the quartile groups (P<0.05); the results of variance analysis showed that HB, RBC, and HCT were statistically different among the quartile groups (P<0.05).

    Conclusion Occupational lead exposure can cause elevated blood lead levels, and long-term lead exposure can affect the health of workers. Effective control measures against occupational lead hazard are required.

     

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