Abstract: According to the prevention,compensation,and rehabilitation functions of work injury insurance,the present papersummarized the relationship between occupational disease prevention and work injury insurance based on the theory,regulation,and execution.With regard to the specificity of occupational disease prevention in China,some suggestions were proposed such asutilization of premium-rate lever to strengthen prevention and treatment of occupation disease,integration of occupation diseasediagnosis and labor ability assessment,life-term security of patients with occupational diseases instead of the one-time compensation,and sharing and analyzing the information of occupational prevention and treatment as a whole.