Roles of PDK1 in tumorigenesis and organ development
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Abstract
Environmental factors, such as air or water pollution, heavy metal exposure, and virus infection, often cause accumulations in gene mutations, subsequent tumors, and even developmental defects through intracellular signaling transduction pathways. Multiple intracellular signaling pathways are sensitive to environmental factors, and among them 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) is a key element involved in several signaling transduction pathways mediating cell proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and apoptosis, as well as tissue and organ development such as central nerve system. It has been reported that abnormalities in PDK1 signaling pathways lead to developmental defects such as dysraphism, microcephaly, mental retardation, and cancers in many organs including lung, colon, breast, ovarian, and prostate. PDK1 in associations with tumor formation, invasion, metastasis, and microenvironment are hot spots in cancer research nowadays, and as a potential therapeutic target, PDK1 has received wide attentions. Therefore, to further understand the regulation mechanisms related to PDK1 signaling pathways and the effects of environmental factors can provide new perspectives to prevent and intervene developmental mutations and tumorigenesis, as well as provide clues and theoretical guidance for early diagnosis and treatment.
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