Objective Fatty liver has become the second largest liver disease, and is related to a variety of chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of fatty liver among workers in Datong Coal Mine Group and assess the associations between fatty liver and dietary patterns.
Methods A total of 3 548 workers in Datong Coal Mine Group were selected by two-stage stratified random sampling method. General information survey, dietary investigation, fatty liver diagnosis, and anthropometric evaluation were conducted. Dietary patterns were extracted and named by varimax rotation of exploratory factor analysis, and the relationships between fatty liver prevalence and dietary patterns were analyzed by logistic regression.
Results There were 3 039 male and 509 female workers enrolled in the study. The prevalence rate of fatty liver in the selected workers was 32.98% (n=1 170); the prevalence rates in male workers (34.52%, 1 049/3 039) and female workers (23.77%, 121/509) were significantly different (P < 0.001). Both male and female coal mine workers showed four dietary patterns:"red meat and viscera", "traditional", "high salt", and "fruit and rice" for males; "poultry and red meat", "high salt and high energy", "high protein and fruit", and "staple and vegetable" for females. The cumulative variance contribution rates of males and females were 35.00% and 37.56%, respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the covariates such as age, body mass index, physical activity level, and marital status, the dietary patterns of "red meat and viscera" (adjusted OR=1.33, 95% CI:1.02-1.74) and "high salt" (adjusted OR=1.32, 95% CI:1.01-1.71) versus "fruit and rice" still had statistical significance in male workers; in female workers, the OR values of the other three dietary patterns were not statistically significant versus "staple and vegetable".
Conclusion The influence of different dietary patterns on the prevalence of fatty liver may have gender differences. The dietary patterns of male coal mine workers are closely related to fatty liver; therefore, improving dietary structure is one of the important measures to prevent fatty liver.
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