Objective To identify risk factors of gastric cancer and their probable interactions through a case-control study in Xianyou County of Fujian Province.
Methods Using a case-control study design, 433 patients living in Xianyou County for more than 10 years and pathologically diagnosed as gastric cancer were selected from May 2013 to June 2015. At the same time, 866 healthy controls were matched (1:2) to the cases. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out. A classification and regression tree was built to find the factors with interactions and a conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze probable multiplicative interactions.
Results According to conditional logistic regression analysis, eating fast (OR=1.321, 95%CI:1.055-1.653), eating hard food (OR=1.709, 95%CI:1.344-2.174), eating pickles (OR=1.359, 95%CI:1.083-1.704), smoking (OR=1.875, 95%CI:1.261-2.786), chronic atrophic gastritis history (OR=2.395, 95%CI:1.228-4.672), family history of cancer (OR=1.545, 95%CI:1.061-2.250), pesticides exposure (OR=2.840, 95%CI:2.003-4.025), and being unsatisfied with family status (OR=2.383, 95%CI:1.708-3.326) were the risk factors for gastric cancer in Xianyou County; whereas eating fresh vegetables (OR=0.653, 95%CI:0.485-0.878), edible fungus (OR=0.657, 95%CI:0.494-0.872), kelp/seaweed (OR=0.671, 95%CI:0.500-0.901), and onion/shallot (OR=0.638, 95%CI:0.518-0.787) were the protective factors. There were multiplicative interactions between pesticides exposure and eating pickles, pesticides exposure and eating hard food, eating pickles and eating fast, as well as eating pickles and smoking.
Conclusion Pesticides exposure, eating pickles, eating hard food, eating fast, and smoking may have interactions in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer in Xianyou County.
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